A data communication device includes a battery having a first flowable electrolyte. In some embodiments, the battery is a redox flow battery (RFB) or a hybrid RFB. A first channel contains the first flowable electrolyte of the battery (i.e., contains at least a portion of the first flowable electrolyte). The first channel may include a tube and/or a reservoir. At least a portion of the first channel may be flexible and/or stretchable. The first channel has a first electrode configured to impart and/or receive a first electrical signal in the first flowable electrolyte. The first electrical signal may be a digital signal. The first electrical signal may be an encoded signal. The device may include a transceiver in electronic communication with the first electrode.

A fuel cell module includes: a cell stack in which fuel cells are stacked; and a stack temperature controller through which the oxidant gas before being supplied to the cell stack flows. The fuel cell module includes a warm-up burner that produces combustion gas for warming the cell stack. The warm-up burner is arranged outside a housing space in which the cell stack is housed. The stack temperature controller is arranged to face the cell stack with a predetermined gap therebetween so as to exchange heat with the cell stack. The stack temperature controller is located adjacent to a combustion gas passage through which the combustion gas generated by the warm-up burner flows so as to allow heat exchange between the oxidant gas flowing through the stack temperature controller and the combustion gas generated by the warm-up burner.

A fuel cell system includes fuel cell modules connected in parallel and each including fuel cell stacks connected in series. A tester includes: an output power acquirer that acquires an output power value for each fuel cell stack; a deterioration estimator that estimates a degree of future deterioration for each fuel cell stack; and a future output power estimator that estimates, for each fuel cell stack, a future output power value, which is a value of power that is likely to be outputted after a specific period of time has passed, based on the degree of future deterioration estimated by the deterioration estimator. The fuel cell stack combining method includes determining combinations of the fuel cell stacks based on differences in the output power value between the fuel cell stacks and differences in the future output power value between the fuel cell stacks.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for using an energy storage device to assist a venturi or an ejector in a fuel cell or fuel stack system.

The present invention relates to a sensor device (10) for a fuel cell system (100) for determining a purging parameter (SP) for controlling a purging process of the fuel cell system (100), comprising a first flow channel (20) for arranging in an anode feed section (122) of an anode section (120) of a fuel cell stack (110) and a second flow channel (130) for arranging in a recirculation section (126) of the anode section (120) of the fuel cell stack (110), which are separated from each other, at least in sections, by means of a gas-tight membrane (40), wherein the membrane (40) is designed to be permeable for protons and has an electrode section (42, 44) on both sides, as well as comprising a measuring device (50) for determining a fuel concentration difference between the first flow channel (20) and the second flow channel (30) as a purging parameter (SP) based on an electrical voltage between the two electrode sections (42, 44).

Systems and methods are provided for capturing gas byproducts of a fuel cell system, such as nitrogen. Instead of dispelling the gas byproducts, a byproduct management system can engage in selective isolation, compression, and storage of the gas byproducts in various storage tanks. The compression and storage of the gas byproducts can be effectuated using excess energy, e.g., regenerative energy.

A fuel cell system includes a membrane electrode assembly, an anode-side internal passage, a cathode-side internal passage, an oxygen supply section, and a control device. The oxygen supply section includes a gas circulation passage connected to one end side and the other end side of the cathode-side internal passage, an oxygen supply source connected to the gas circulation passage, and a gas circulation device configured to circulate and flow oxygen gas in any one of one direction and the other direction in the gas circulation passage. The control device switches a flow direction of the oxygen gas by the gas circulation device according to a distribution state of moisture on the cathode electrode of the membrane electrode assembly.

A redox flow battery system includes an anolyte having chromium ions in solution, wherein at least a portion of the chromium ions form a chromium complex with at least one of the following: NH.sub.3, NH.sub.4.sup.+, CO(NH.sub.2).sub.2, SCN.sup.−, or CS(NH.sub.2).sub.2; a catholyte having iron ions in solution; a first half-cell including a first electrode in contact with the anolyte; a second half-cell including a second electrode in contact with the catholyte; and a first separator separating the first half-cell from the second half-cell.

A method of controlling an air compressor motor for a fuel cell vehicle is provide. The method includes calculating a counter electromotive force constant of the air compressor motor based on a voltage and a current of the air compressor motor for the fuel cell vehicle supplying air to a fuel cell stack and a rotation speed of the air compressor motor. The method additionally includes determining whether a permanent magnet of the air compressor motor is demagnetized based on a result of comparison between the calculated counter electromotive force constant value and a pre-set counter electromotive force constant design value.

A method for determining an average oxidation state (AOS) of a redox flow battery system includes measuring a charge capacity for a low potential charging period starting from a discharged state of the redox flow battery system to a turning point of a charge voltage; and determining the AOS using the measured charge capacity and volumes of anolyte and catholyte of the redox flow battery system. Other methods can be used to determine the AOS for a redox flow battery system or use discharge voltage instead of charging voltage.