The present specification relates to a complex electrolyte membrane, an enhanced complex electrolyte membrane and a fuel cell including the same.

The present specification relates to a complex electrolyte membrane, an enhanced complex electrolyte membrane and a fuel cell including the same.

Provided are an anion exchange resin being capable of producing an electrolyte membrane, a binder for forming an electrode catalyst layer and a battery electrode catalyst layer, which have improved electrical properties and chemical properties. For example, used is an anion exchange resin which has a hydrophobic unit being composed of bisphenol AF residues repeated via carbon-carbon bond and a hydrophilic unit being composed of hydrophilic groups repeated via carbon-carbon bond, in which the hydrophilic group is formed by connecting an anion exchange group to a fluorene backbone via a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group, and in which the hydrophobic unit and the hydrophilic unit are connected via carbon-carbon bond.

Provided are an anion exchange resin being capable of producing an electrolyte membrane, a binder for forming an electrode catalyst layer and a battery electrode catalyst layer, which have improved electrical properties and chemical properties. For example, used is an anion exchange resin which has a hydrophobic unit being composed of bisphenol AF residues repeated via carbon-carbon bond and a hydrophilic unit being composed of hydrophilic groups repeated via carbon-carbon bond, in which the hydrophilic group is formed by connecting an anion exchange group to a fluorene backbone via a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group, and in which the hydrophobic unit and the hydrophilic unit are connected via carbon-carbon bond.

Disclosed herein is an electrolytic membrane with cationic ion or anionic ion conducting capability comprising crosslinked inorganic-organic hybrid electrolyte in a porous support, wherein the inorganic-organic hybrid crosslinked electrolyte is formed by chemical born formation between Linkers and Crosslinkers, wherein Linkers and/or Crosslinkers include at least one element from Si, P, N, Ti, Zr, Al, B, Ge, Mg, Sn, W, Zn, V, Nb, Pb or S.

A fuel cell system wherein the fuel cell comprises an electrolyte membrane; wherein the electrolyte membrane is a perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membrane; wherein the controller has a data group showing a correlation between the current of the fuel cell and the temperature of the fuel cell which is necessary to keep a moisture content of the electrolyte membrane at a predetermined moisture content threshold or more; and wherein, when the temperature and voltage of the fuel cell become a predetermined first temperature threshold or more and a predetermined voltage threshold or more, respectively, the controller conducts a temperature dropping time power generation mode in which power generation is conducted while controlling the current of the fuel cell with reference to the data group, until the temperature of the fuel cell becomes a predetermined second temperature threshold which is lower than the first temperature threshold.

Membrane assemblies and separation layer(s) for electrochemical devices such as fuel cells and/or electrolyzers are provided, as well as their production methods. The separation layer(s) include surface-charged particles such as LDH particles to strengthen the membranes, enhance their ionic conductivity and prevent or reduce membrane dehydration and/or chemical degradation. In various configurations a single or few, relatively thick separation layer(s) with surface-charged particles may be used, while in other configurations alternating layers of ionomeric material and layers with surface-charged particles may be used, optimizing ionic conductivity with mechanical strength. Thin protective layers with solids content up to 100% may be set adjacent to the electrodes, and the orientation of the surface-charged particles may be set to enhance the ion conductivity of the respective layer.

To provide a battery or a membrane electrode assembly having high durability.

A battery (100) having a multilayer structure containing layers of a pair of electrodes (1) , the battery (100) including a reinforcing material (20) provided in one or more layers or between layers.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a membrane for a fuel cell or electrolytic cell, in which (i) a liquid coating composition, which contains a supported catalyst containing precious metal and also contains an ionomer, is applied to a polymer electrolyte membrane which contains an ionomer, the ionomer of the liquid coating composition and the ionomer of the polymer electrolyte membrane each being a copolymer which contains as monomer a fluoroethylene and a fluorovinyl ether containing a sulfonic acid group, (ii) the coated polymer electrolyte membrane is heated to a temperature in the range from 178° C. to 250° C.

A method for fabricating an electrochemical sensor material includes positioning sheets of molded graphene nanoplatelets on each side of a proton exchange membrane and integrating graphene nanoplatelets into regions of the proton exchange membrane adjacent its surfaces by applying heat to increase the temperature of the proton exchange membrane to its glass transition temperature and applying compressive pressure to press a portion of each sheet of molded graphene nanoplatelets into the softened polymeric material of the proton exchange membrane. Following application of heat and pressure, the proton exchange membrane is cooled and excess graphene material is exfoliated. Electrochemical sensor components are cut from the material and electrochemical devices and systems are constructed therefrom.