Provided are a low-cost electrochemical device and the like that have both durability and high performance as well as excellent reliability. The electrochemical device includes at least one metal material, and the metal material is made of a Fe—Cr alloy that contains Ti in an amount of more than 0.10 mass % and 1.0 mass % or less.

A solid oxide fuel cell comprising an anode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a two phased cathode layer. The two phased cathode layer comprises praseodymium and gadolinium-doped ceria. Additionally, the solid oxide fuel cell does not contain a barrier layer.

A cell includes an element portion including a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte layer, an air electrode, and an intermediate layer. The intermediate layer is located between the solid electrolyte layer and the air electrode. In a plan view, a porosity in an end portion of the air electrode is greater than a porosity in a center portion of the air electrode.

A method of making a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes the steps of providing a first SOFC layer laminate tape comprising a first SOFC layer composition attached to a flexible carrier film layer, providing a second SOFC laminate tape comprising a second SOFC layer composition attached to a flexible carrier film layer, and providing a third SOFC layer laminate tape comprising a third SOFC layer composition attached to a flexible carrier film layer. The first SOFC layer laminate tape, the second SOFC layer laminate tape, and the third SOFC layer laminate tape are assembled on rolls positioned along a roll-to-roll assembly line. The laminate tapes are sequentially laminated and calendered and the flexible carrier films removed to provide a composite SOFC precursor laminate that can be sintered and combined with a cathode to provide a completed SOFC. An assembly for making composite SOFC precursor laminates is also disclosed.

A method of making a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) includes the steps of providing a first SOFC layer laminate tape comprising a first SOFC layer composition attached to a flexible carrier film layer, providing a second SOFC laminate tape comprising a second SOFC layer composition attached to a flexible carrier film layer, and providing a third SOFC layer laminate tape comprising a third SOFC layer composition attached to a flexible carrier film layer. The first SOFC layer laminate tape, the second SOFC layer laminate tape, and the third SOFC layer laminate tape are assembled on rolls positioned along a roll-to-roll assembly line. The laminate tapes are sequentially laminated and calendered and the flexible carrier films removed to provide a composite SOFC precursor laminate that can be sintered and combined with a cathode to provide a completed SOFC. An assembly for making composite SOFC precursor laminates is also disclosed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell that obtains high output density and prevents stress application to the cell during stack assembling and breakage. The fuel cell is equipped with a unit cell including a structure in which an electrolyte layer is sandwiched between an anode electrode layer and a cathode electrode layer. The unit cell is disposed between a first member and a second member. An intermediate substrate is disposed between the first member and the second member. The unit cell is supported at the outer peripheral portion thereof by the intermediate substrate. The width of the electrolyte layer is the maximum width or less of a hollow portion formed between at least one of the first member and the second member and the unit cell.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell that obtains high output density and prevents stress application to the cell during stack assembling and breakage. The fuel cell is equipped with a unit cell including a structure in which an electrolyte layer is sandwiched between an anode electrode layer and a cathode electrode layer. The unit cell is disposed between a first member and a second member. An intermediate substrate is disposed between the first member and the second member. The unit cell is supported at the outer peripheral portion thereof by the intermediate substrate. The width of the electrolyte layer is the maximum width or less of a hollow portion formed between at least one of the first member and the second member and the unit cell.

A solid oxide fuel cell includes an electrolyte layer including a solid oxide having oxide ion conductivity, an intermediate layer that is provided on the electrolyte layer and has oxide ion conductivity, and a cathode provided on the intermediate layer, wherein the electrolyte layer has a plurality of convex portions arranged in dimensional directions in a plan view, on a face thereof on the side of the intermediate layer, and wherein a face of the intermediate layer on the side of the cathode follows a shape of the face of the electrolyte layer on the side of the intermediate layer.

A solid oxide fuel cell includes an electrolyte layer including a solid oxide having oxide ion conductivity, an intermediate layer that is provided on the electrolyte layer and has oxide ion conductivity, and a cathode provided on the intermediate layer, wherein the electrolyte layer has a plurality of convex portions arranged in dimensional directions in a plan view, on a face thereof on the side of the intermediate layer, and wherein a face of the intermediate layer on the side of the cathode follows a shape of the face of the electrolyte layer on the side of the intermediate layer.

A method of manufacturing a proton-conducting fuel cell includes assembling a green anode-electrolyte half-cell by forming an anode substrate layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, forming an anode functional layer on the upper surface of the anode substrate layer, forming an electrolyte layer on an upper surface of the anode functional layer, and forming a stress balancing layer on the lower surface of the anode substrate layer. The method further includes positioning the green anode-electrolyte half-cell on kiln furniture inside a sintering kiln and sintering the green anode-electrolyte half-cell using SSRS to an anode-electrolyte half-cell.