An electrochemical cell includes a porous support substrate and a power generation element portion. The support substrate includes at least one first gas channel and at least one second gas channel. The first gas channel extends from a first end portion toward a second end portion, and is connected to a gas supply chamber. The second gas channel is connected to the first gas channel on the second end portion side. The second gas channel extends from the second end portion toward the first endportion, and is connected to a gas collection chamber. A ratio (p0/L) of a pitch p0 of a first gas channel and a second gas channel that are adjacent to each other to a distance L between the power generation element portion and a first end surface of the support substrate located on the first end portion side is 3.3 or less.

A cell stack includes a plurality of battery cell units, in which an anode, an electrolyte, an inter connector, and a cathode are stacked on a surface of a substrate tube of a cylinder, and a plurality of battery cells is formed in an axis direction of the substrate tube, and a connection mechanism that connects an end portion of the substrate tube of the battery cell unit in the axis direction, and an end portion of the adjacent battery cell unit. The connection mechanism includes a connection jig including a cylindrical portion facing a cylindrical shape of the battery cell unit, and a protruding portion formed on a surface of the cylindrical portion and having a protruding shape in a radial direction, and an adhesive layer applied between the cylindrical portion of the connection jig and the cell unit, and joining the connection jig and the cell unit.

A cell stack includes a plurality of battery cell units, in which an anode, an electrolyte, an inter connector, and a cathode are stacked on a surface of a substrate tube of a cylinder, and a plurality of battery cells is formed in an axis direction of the substrate tube, and a connection mechanism that connects an end portion of the substrate tube of the battery cell unit in the axis direction, and an end portion of the adjacent battery cell unit. The connection mechanism includes a connection jig including a cylindrical portion facing a cylindrical shape of the battery cell unit, and a protruding portion formed on a surface of the cylindrical portion and having a protruding shape in a radial direction, and an adhesive layer applied between the cylindrical portion of the connection jig and the cell unit, and joining the connection jig and the cell unit.

A cell stack device includes a manifold, a fuel cell, and an oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion. The manifold includes a fuel gas supply chamber and a fuel gas collection chamber. The fuel cell extends upward from the manifold. The oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion is disposed upward of the center of the fuel cell. The oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion ejects oxygen-containing gas toward the fuel cell. A support substrate of the fuel cell includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is connected to a fuel gas supply chamber, and the second gas channel is connected to the fuel gas collection chamber. The first gas channel and the second gas channel are connected to each other in an upper end portion of the fuel cell.

A cell stack device includes a manifold, a fuel cell, and an oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion. The manifold includes a fuel gas supply chamber and a fuel gas collection chamber. The fuel cell extends upward from the manifold. The oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion is disposed upward of the center of the fuel cell. The oxygen-containing-gas ejection portion ejects oxygen-containing gas toward the fuel cell. A support substrate of the fuel cell includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is connected to a fuel gas supply chamber, and the second gas channel is connected to the fuel gas collection chamber. The first gas channel and the second gas channel are connected to each other in an upper end portion of the fuel cell.

A cell stack device includes a manifold and a fuel cell. The manifold includes a gas supply chamber and a gas collection chamber. The fuel cell includes a support substrate and a power generation element portion. The support substrate includes first and second gas channels. The first gas channel is connected to the gas supply chamber, and the second gas channel is connected to the gas collection chamber. The first gas channel is open in the gas supply chamber at a proximal end portion. The second gas channel is open in the gas collection chamber at a proximal end portion. The first and second gas channels are connected to each other on the distal end portion side. The first and second gas channels are configured such that a pressure loss of gas in the first gas channel is smaller than a pressure loss of gas in the second gas channel.

A solid oxide fuel cell stack has a surface from which via conductors for drawing a current are exposed. Collector plates are disposed on the surfaces of the fuel cell stack so that one main surface of the collector plates faces the via conductors. Fixing plates are fixed to the collector plates. Spacers are disposed between the fuel cell stack and the fixing plates. An adhesive fixes the fixing plates to the fuel cell stack through the spacers.

An electrochemical element (Q) has a metal substrate (1) and multiple electrochemical reaction portions. The metal substrate (1) has gas flow allowing regions that allow the flowing of a gas between the upper side (4) and the lower side (5) of the metal substrate (1). The electrochemical reaction portions each have at least an electrode layer (A), an electrolyte layer (B), and a counter electrode layer (C), and are arranged on the upper side (4) of the metal substrate (1). The electrolyte layer (B) is arranged between the electrode layer (A) and the counter electrode layer (C), and the gas flowing through the gas flow allowing regions is supplied to the electrode layer (A).

A coupling system for high-temperature tight coupling of a stack having SOEC/SOFC-type solid oxides is described. The system includes a threaded hollow connector, a smooth hollow connector, and a threaded nut. The threaded hollow connector includes an opening for establishing fluid communication with a gas inlet/outlet pipe and is intended to be attached to the gas inlet/outlet pipe. The smooth hollow connector includes an opening for establishing fluid communication with a gas inlet/outlet pipe of the stack and is intended to be attached to the inlet/outlet pipe. The threaded nut engages with the threaded hollow connector to form a screw/nut system, slides relative to the smooth hollow connector, and includes a first threaded portion and a second smooth portion in sliding contact with the smooth hollow connector.

A coupling system for high-temperature tight coupling of a stack having SOEC/SOFC-type solid oxides is described. The system includes a threaded hollow connector, a smooth hollow connector, and a threaded nut. The threaded hollow connector includes an opening for establishing fluid communication with a gas inlet/outlet pipe and is intended to be attached to the gas inlet/outlet pipe. The smooth hollow connector includes an opening for establishing fluid communication with a gas inlet/outlet pipe of the stack and is intended to be attached to the inlet/outlet pipe. The threaded nut engages with the threaded hollow connector to form a screw/nut system, slides relative to the smooth hollow connector, and includes a first threaded portion and a second smooth portion in sliding contact with the smooth hollow connector.