Disclosed herein is a battery pack which includes a plurality of battery modules housed in a housing. The battery modules are connected in series to each other via connecting members that connects external terminals of the battery modules to each other. The battery modules are classified into groups, each being comprised of at least two of the battery modules, two terminal ones of which have a potential difference of at most V or less between themselves. A first connecting member connects the external terminals of the battery modules to each other between two adjacent ones of the groups. A second connecting member connects the external terminals of the battery modules to each other within an identical one of the groups. If water penetrates into the housing, the first connecting member is electrically cut off, preferentially relative to the second connecting member.

A battery cell with a galvanic cell, a first semiconductor switching element, a first cell connector electrically coupled directly to a first potential connector of the galvanic cell, and a second cell connector electrically coupled to a second potential connector of the galvanic cell via the first semiconductor switching element. The battery cell further has a third cell connector electrically coupled to the second potential connector of the galvanic cell, a second semiconductor switching element, and a fourth cell connector electrically coupled to the first potential connector of the galvanic cell via the second semiconductor switching element. A third semiconductor switching element is connected between the third cell connector and the fourth cell connector which primarily serves to switch individual battery cells out of the system regardless of the (activation or deactivation) state of the predecessor as well as successor cells.

Disclosed are a mixed battery group and battery grouping method. The mixed battery group forms a battery group via a serial connection between a primary power supply battery sub-group and an auxiliary power supply battery sub-group, wherein a unit voltage rated capacity of the auxiliary power supply battery sub-group is higher than that of the primary power supply battery sub-group. The mixed battery group provides an entire voltage output of a whole battery group to supply power outwards, and also provides one or more auxiliary power supply having a voltage lower than the entire voltage of the whole battery group to supply power outwards.

A battery pack for a hand-held power tool includes at least one interface for establishing a mechanical and/or electrical connection of the battery pack to a hand-held power tool and/or a charging device, the interface having a guide arrangement for attaching the battery pack on the hand-held power tool and/or the charging device along a contacting direction y, and at least four contact elements for electrical contacting of corresponding counter-contact elements on the hand-held power tool and/or corresponding counter-contact elements on the charging device. At least two contact elements are thereby situated offset from one another in the direction of the contacting direction y.

A battery module containing: at least two battery assemblies, each battery assembly including a plurality of cells with two poles at opposing ends and arranged laterally in one row next to each other so that a pole of a cell is next to a pole of a neighboring cell, and each battery assembly including a plurality of interconnectors connecting a pole of a cell to pole of a neighboring cell; a housing arranged to accommodate the at least two battery assemblies and forming a respective continuous space around each row of poles allowing for fluid flow, and comprising containing an inlet opening and an outlet opening for each continuous space formed; and a pair of electric module terminals for connecting the battery assemblies to the outside, each electric module terminal being arranged thermally closer to one of the inlet openings than to an outlet opening.

A battery module containing: at least two battery assemblies, each battery assembly including a plurality of cells with two poles at opposing ends and arranged laterally in one row next to each other so that a pole of a cell is next to a pole of a neighboring cell, and each battery assembly including a plurality of interconnectors connecting a pole of a cell to pole of a neighboring cell; a housing arranged to accommodate the at least two battery assemblies and forming a respective continuous space around each row of poles allowing for fluid flow, and comprising containing an inlet opening and an outlet opening for each continuous space formed; and a pair of electric module terminals for connecting the battery assemblies to the outside, each electric module terminal being arranged thermally closer to one of the inlet openings than to an outlet opening.

The present invention relates to an energy storage system (10) comprising a plurality of electrical module packs (12) connected in series, each electrical module pack (12) having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the voltage at the terminals of each electrical module pack (12) being equal to the potential difference between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the pack (12), the voltage at the terminals of the system (10) being equal to the sum of the voltages of the connected electrical module packs (12), each electrical module pack (12) being supported by a frame (20), each frame (20) being set at a reference potential, characterized in that the reference potential of each frame (20) is broadly between the positive terminal potential and the negative terminal potential of the electrical module pack (12) supported by the frame.

The present invention relates to an energy storage system (10) comprising a plurality of electrical module packs (12) connected in series, each electrical module pack (12) having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, the voltage at the terminals of each electrical module pack (12) being equal to the potential difference between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the pack (12), the voltage at the terminals of the system (10) being equal to the sum of the voltages of the connected electrical module packs (12), each electrical module pack (12) being supported by a frame (20), each frame (20) being set at a reference potential, characterized in that the reference potential of each frame (20) is broadly between the positive terminal potential and the negative terminal potential of the electrical module pack (12) supported by the frame.

The present invention provides a battery control system for controlling a battery pack that is formed by a plurality of battery cells. The battery control system comprises: a detecting circuit for detecting at least one operation parameter of the battery pack; an activating circuit, which receives the at least one operation parameter from the detecting circuit, for generating a first control signal when the detected at least one operation parameter exceeds or is below at least one critical-level threshold; a supervision unit, which receives the at least one operation parameter from the detecting circuit, for managing the battery pack and generating a second control signal when the at least one operational parameter exceeds or below at least one cap-level threshold; a switching circuit, which receives the first control signal from the activating circuit and/or the second control signal from the supervision unit, for connecting the battery pack to and disconnecting the battery pack from an power output in response to the first control signal and/or the second control signal.

A battery pack includes a housing of a first material, a cell assembly, and a cell support of a second material. The cell assembly is disposed in the housing and includes a plurality of cell units. The cell unit includes a positive electrode of the cell unit and a negative electrode of the cell unit. The cell support is configured to support at least the cell assembly. The cell support is at least disposed at two ends of the cell assembly and at least part of the cell support encapsulates the positive electrode of the cell unit and the negative electrode of the cell unit. The first material is different from the second material.