A lithium salt easily soluble in an organic solvent and having a flame-retardant function and a lithium-ion battery flame-retardant electrolyte thereof are provided. The lithium salt is poly(lithium phosphate) phosphazene partially substituted by alkyl aromatic oxy groups, and has a structural general formula: [(R—Ar—O).sub.x(P═N).sub.n(Li.sub.2O.sub.3P).sub.2n-x]. The novel flame-retardant electrolyte is compounded from the lithium salt and a phosphate intermediate thereof [(R—Ar—O).sub.x(P═N).sub.n(R′.sub.2O.sub.3P).sub.2n-x] according to a mass ratio of 10:1-1:1. The electrolyte is easily soluble in an organic solvent. A liquid electrolyte is prepared according to an amount of 8%-45% to obtain the novel flame-retardant liquid electrolyte. The liquid electrolyte has good lithium ion conductivity and good flame-retardant properties, and is used in lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, lithium carbon fluoride batteries or lithium-oxygen batteries.

A fluid delivery system can include a spray gun. The spray gun can include a mix chamber assembly having at least two bores configured to receive a first fluid and a second fluid, and a chamber fluidly coupled to the at least two bores, the chamber configured to mix the first and the second fluid. The spray gun can include a handle and a winged extension disposed to contact at least a portion of an operator's back hand when the operator holds the spray gun via the handle.

An electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery, including a first solvent comprising a heterocyclic compound haying at least one double bond, and any one of an oxygen atom and a sulfur atom; a second solvent including at least one of an ether-containing compound, an ester-containing compound, an amide-containing compound, and a carbonate-containing compound; a lithium salt; lanthanum nitrate; and an additive including lithium nitrate.

A non-aqueous electrolyte solution additive and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery which include the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution may include a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and the non-aqueous electrolyte solution additive which is a compound represented by Formula 1:

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In Formula 1, R is a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. The non-aqueous electrolyte solution may scavenge a by-product generated by decomposition of a lithium salt using a Lewis base-based compound to suppress dissolution of transition metal from a positive electrode.

A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent containing a carbonate compound and a propionate compound, and an additive containing 1,4-dicyano-2-butene and 1,3,5-cyclohexanetricarbonitrile, wherein a volume ratio of the carbonate compound to the propionate compound is 10:90 to 40:60, and wherein a weight ratio of the 1,4-dicyano-2-butene to the 1,3,5-cyclohexanetricarbonitrile is 1:1.5 to 1:3.7.

An electrolyte including a dinitrile compound, a trinitrile compound, and propyl propionate. Based on the total weight of the electrolyte, the content X of the nitrile compound and the content Y of the trinitrile compound meet the conditions represented by Formula (1) and Formula (2): {about 2 wt %≤(X+Y)≤about 11 wt % . . . (1), about 0.1≤(X/Y)≤about 8 . . . (2)}. The electrolyte further includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a cyclic carbonate ester having a carbon-carbon double bond, a fluorinated chain carbonate ester, a fluorinated cyclic carbonate ester, and a compound having a sulfur-oxygen double bond. The electrolyte is capable of effectively inhibiting the increase in DC internal resistance of an electrochemical device so that the electrochemical device has excellent cycle and storage performance.

Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising phosphazene based compounds are disclosed. The energy storage device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, an electrolyte comprising at least two electrolyte co-solvents, wherein at least one electrolyte co-solvent comprises a phosphazene based compound.

The present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same, the electrolyte including a lithium salt, an additive containing a compound represented by Formula 1, and an organic solvent.

The disclosure relates to the use of fluorinated ethers such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxypropane (HFMOP) as a reaction solvent to prepare fluorinated dialkyl carbonate and sulfite compounds useful in batteries, and to electrolytes containing fluorinated compounds for use in batteries containing high Ni cathodes and silicon containing anodes.

A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a compound represented by Formula 1 as an additive. A lithium secondary battery including the non-aqueous electrolyte solution has improved high-rate charge and discharge characteristics at high temperature.