A lithium and zinc ion bi-polar battery includes, in one example, a plurality of carbon or titanium bi-polar current collectors arranged with cells to form a stack of bi-polar configuration such that each of the bi-polar current collectors is between and in direct contact with a zinc electrode and lithium-ion intercalation electrode of an adjacent pair of the cells.

An electrolyte composition and a metal-ion battery employing the same are provided. The electrolyte composition includes a metal chloride, a chlorine-containing ionic liquid, and an additive, wherein the additive has a structure represented by Formula (I)
[M].sub.i[(A(SO.sub.2C.sub.xF.sub.2x+1).sub.y).sup.b].sub.jFormula (I), wherein M can be imidazolium cation, ammonium cation, azaannulenium cation, . . . etc., wherein M has a valence of a; a can be 1, 2, or 3; A can be N, O, Si, or C; x can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; y can be 1, 2, or 3; b can be 1, 2, or 3; i can be 1, 2, or 3; j can be 1, 2, or 3; a/b=j/i; and when y is 2 or 3, the (SO.sub.2C.sub.xF.sub.2x+1) moieties are the same or different.

An object provides a power generation apparatus performing the purification of an Al alloy melt using scrap as raw material. A power generation apparatus includes: a container body with aluminum alloy melt and molten salt in a liquid junction with the aluminum alloy melt; an anode which is in contact with the aluminum alloy melt; and a cathode which is in contact with the molten salt. DC power is obtained from between the anode and the cathode by an anode reaction on the aluminum alloy melt side and a cathode reaction on the molten salt side. When the aluminum alloy melt and the molten salt are separated by a separator allowing ionic conduction between the aluminum alloy melt and molten salt, the power generation efficiency is enhanced. The amount of a reactant in the Al alloy melt is monitored by measuring the electrical quantity associated with the power generation.

An electric vehicle or system generates its own power using a plurality of electrochemical cells that make up the vehicle's battery as well as a system for modifying an existing electric vehicle to be carbon-negative. Examples of the form the electric vehicle could take include a truck, a bus, a car, and a motorcycle. The system provides optimal operating conditions for electrochemical cells in the vehicle's battery to produce electricity via a chemical reaction of the metal in the electrochemical cells with air drawn from outside the vehicle. The vehicle/system features a passive mechanism for concentrating and storing carbon dioxide from the air and subsequently releasing the stored carbon dioxide in concentrated form for use in the cells' cathodes. By generating its own electricity using an onboard chemical process, the vehicle/system represents a revolution in electric vehicle technology by rendering the electric-vehicle charging station obsolete and eliminating range concerns and charge-time anxiety.

The present disclosure is directed to an energy storage device having improved thermal performance. More specifically, the energy storage device includes a housing with side walls that define an internal volume. The side walls include bottom and front side walls, with the front side wall having an air inlet and outlet configured to circulate cooling air therethrough. The energy storage device also includes a plurality of cells arranged in a matrix within the internal volume atop the bottom side wall. Further, the cells define a top surface. Further, the energy storage device includes an exhaust manifold adjacent to the front side wall between at least a portion of the cells and the air inlet. Thus, the exhaust manifold is configured to direct airflow from the top surface towards the bottom side wall and then to the air outlet so as to provide an airflow barrier between cooling air entering the air inlet and the cells.

A battery includes an anode chamber configured to contain an anolyte and including an anode, a cathode chamber configured to contain a catholyte including a cathode, and a separator between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. The anode includes sodium, and the cathode includes aluminum. The battery is configured to be operated above a melting point of the anolyte and the catholyte, such that the anolyte is a molten anolyte and the catholyte is a molten catholyte.

An energy storage device configured to exchange energy with an external device includes a container having walls, a lid covering the container and having a safety pressure valve, a negative electrode disposed away from the walls of the container, a positive electrode in contact with at least a portion of the walls of the container, and an electrolyte contacting the negative electrode and the positive electrode at respective electrode/electrolyte interfaces. The negative electrode, the positive electrode and the electrolyte include separate liquid materials within the container at an operating temperature of the battery.

An anaerobic aluminum-water electrochemical cell that includes: a plurality of electrode stacks, each electrode stack comprising an aluminum or aluminum alloy anode, and at least one solid cathode configured to be electrically coupled to the anode; a liquid electrolyte between the anode and the at least one cathode; one or more physical separators between each electrode stack adjacent to the cathode; a housing configured to hold the electrode stacks, the electrolyte, and the physical separators; and a water injection port, in the housing, configured to introduce water into the housing. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide base at a concentration of at least 0.05 M to at most 3 M.

A rechargeable bipolar aluminium-ion (aka aluminum-ion) battery and its associated uses. Said battery is capable of producing a voltage up to 200% higher than that of conventional rechargeable aluminium-ion batteries thanks to the type of materials selected for the electrodes and the sandwich type stacking of the electrochemical cells that make it up through the use of graphite current collectors shared between adjacent cells. This configuration effectively reduces internal resistance achieving higher power density and a greater number of charge and discharge cycles without rapid deterioration of the energy storage capacity of the battery.

A lithium and zinc ion bi-polar battery includes, in one example, a plurality of carbon or titanium bi-polar current collectors arranged with cells to form a stack of bi-polar configuration such that each of the bi-polar current collectors is between and in direct contact with a zinc electrode and lithium-ion intercalation electrode of an adjacent pair of the cells.