A magic tee microwave junction comprising: an E-plane tee junction includes a difference arm along a first axis (Ox) in a reference plane (xOz) and two collinear arms that are symmetric about the reference plane, an H-plane tee junction comprising a sum arm along an axis (Oz) orthogonal to the first axis in the reference plane and two collinear arms that are symmetric about the reference plane, two first waveguides that are symmetric about the reference plane, connected to the ends of the collinear arms of the junctions, two waveguides that are symmetric about the reference plane and connected to the first waveguides. A power divider, to a beamforming network and to an additive manufacturing production method is also provided.

A magic tee microwave junction comprising: an E-plane tee junction includes a difference arm along a first axis (Ox) in a reference plane (xOz) and two collinear arms that are symmetric about the reference plane, an H-plane tee junction comprising a sum arm along an axis (Oz) orthogonal to the first axis in the reference plane and two collinear arms that are symmetric about the reference plane, two first waveguides that are symmetric about the reference plane, connected to the ends of the collinear arms of the junctions, two waveguides that are symmetric about the reference plane and connected to the first waveguides. A power divider, to a beamforming network and to an additive manufacturing production method is also provided.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods associated with mode conversion for electromagnetic field modification. A mode converting structure (holographic metamaterial) is formed with a distribution of dielectric constants chosen to convert an electromagnetic radiation pattern from a first mode to a second mode to attain a target electromagnetic radiation pattern that is different from the input electromagnetic radiation pattern. A solution to a holographic equation provides a sufficiently accurate approximation of a distribution of dielectric constants that can be used to form a mode converting device for use with one or more transmission lines, such as waveguides. One or more optimization algorithms can be used to improve the efficiency of the mode conversion.

A waveguide circuit (1) includes a first waveguide tube (10), a second waveguide tube (20), and a third waveguide tube (30). The first waveguide tube (10), the second waveguide tube (20), and the third waveguide tube (30) have cross-sectional shapes to allow propagation of TE modes. The tube axis of the second waveguide tube (20) is parallel to the tube axis of the first waveguide tube (10). One of the narrow sidewalls of the second waveguide tube (20) faces a narrow sidewall (10s) of the first waveguide tube (10). The third waveguide tube (30) includes a coupler that connects a hollow guide of the third waveguide tube (30) to a hollow guide of the first waveguide tube (10) and a hollow guide of the second waveguide tube (20).

A first waveguide guides a first radio wave whose electric field is vibrated in a first direction along a second direction. A second waveguide guides the first radio wave along the second direction and is cascade connected to the first waveguide. An input and output end multiplexes the first radio waves from the first and second waveguides and outputs the multiplexed radio wave, and outputs the first radio wave branched off from a radio wave from outside to the first and second waveguides. A first waveguide shift portion is shifted from the first waveguide in the first direction. A second waveguide shift portion is shifted from the second waveguide in the first direction. The vibration directions of electric fields of radio waves passing through the end parts of the first and second waveguide shift portions are rotated by 90 about a third direction.

A first waveguide guides a first radio wave whose electric field is vibrated in a first direction along a second direction. A second waveguide guides the first radio wave along the second direction and is cascade connected to the first waveguide. An input and output end multiplexes the first radio waves from the first and second waveguides and outputs the multiplexed radio wave, and outputs the first radio wave branched off from a radio wave from outside to the first and second waveguides. A first waveguide shift portion is shifted from the first waveguide in the first direction. A second waveguide shift portion is shifted from the second waveguide in the first direction. The vibration directions of electric fields of radio waves passing through the end parts of the first and second waveguide shift portions are rotated by 90 about a third direction.

A third coupler (3c) outputs a signal outputted from a first coupler (3a) to an input terminal (8-1) of a second septum polarizer (8b), and outputs a signal outputted from a second coupler (3b) to an input terminal (8-2) of a first septum polarizer (8a).

A third coupler (3c) outputs a signal outputted from a first coupler (3a) to an input terminal (8-1) of a second septum polarizer (8b), and outputs a signal outputted from a second coupler (3b) to an input terminal (8-2) of a first septum polarizer (8a).

In one aspect, a Y-splitter includes a first arm having a first port, a second arm having a second port, a third arm having a third port, a fourth arm having a fourth port and a Y-split portion having a first end coupled to the first arm, a second end coupled to the second arm, a third end coupled to the third arm and a fourth end coupled to the fourth arm. The Y-split portion splits a signal from a first signal path from the first port into a second signal on a second signal path and a third signal on a third signal path. A first angle between the second signal path and the first signal path is greater than 90 degrees and a second angle between the third signal path and the first signal path is greater than 90 degrees.

In one aspect, a Y-splitter includes a first arm having a first port, a second arm having a second port, a third arm having a third port, a fourth arm having a fourth port and a Y-split portion having a first end coupled to the first arm, a second end coupled to the second arm, a third end coupled to the third arm and a fourth end coupled to the fourth arm. The Y-split portion splits a signal from a first signal path from the first port into a second signal on a second signal path and a third signal on a third signal path. A first angle between the second signal path and the first signal path is greater than 90 degrees and a second angle between the third signal path and the first signal path is greater than 90 degrees.