An electronic switch for switching between signal outputs comprises a 6-way symmetric hybrid ring combiner. Each port within the 6-way symmetric hybrid ring combiner is positioned at λ/4 wavelength increments around a circumference of the 6-way symmetric hybrid ring combiner.

To provide an optical 90-degree hybrid formed of a silicon waveguide capable of suppressing an optical loss and a phase error, and facilitating electronic packaging and optical packaging. In the optical 90-degree hybrid circuit including two optical branching units facing each other and two optical coupling units facing away from each other, four arm waveguides are arranged including bent waveguides each of which guides an output light of the optical branching unit to the optical coupling unit, and is formed in a curved shape.

A balanced power amplifier includes a first power amplifier configured to apply a first gain having a first predetermined magnitude and a first programmable phase adjustable phase to generate a first amplified signal, the first programmable phase being adjustable to either a first phase or to a second phase that is 180° phase shifted relative to the first phase; a second power amplifier configured to apply a second gain having a second predetermined magnitude and a second programmable phase to generate a second amplified signal, the second programmable phase being adjustable to either the first phase or to the second phase; and a 90° hybrid coupler configured to receive the first amplified signal and the second amplified signal and generate and output a first output signal or a second output signal based on a combination of the first amplified signal and the second amplified signal.

A communication device includes a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a 180-degree hybrid circuit having a first port configured to generate a sum signal from multiple input signals and a second port configured to generate a difference signal from multiple input signals, a first phase shifter coupled with the 180-degree hybrid circuit to carry out a phase shift by a first phase value, and a second phase shifter coupled with the 180-degree hybrid circuit to carry out a phase shift by a second phase value. The first antenna element is connected to the first port of the 180-degree hybrid circuit while the second antenna element is connected to the second port of the 180-degree hybrid circuit.

Embodiments of a method and an apparatus for a quadrature hybrid are disclosed. In an embodiment, a quadrature hybrid includes a first port, a second port, a third port, a fourth port, first, second, and third inductors, first, second, third, and fourth capacitors, and a first variable capacitor tuning network connected between the first port and the fourth port, and a second variable capacitor tuning network connected between the second port and the third port.

A splitter simultaneously inputs two signals having different frequencies within a transmission band to a transmission terminal. A transmission filter system and a reception filter system that are connected to an antenna terminal share a first hybrid coupler. Two transmission filters and a second hybrid coupler are located between the first hybrid coupler and the transmission terminal. A reception filter is located between the first hybrid coupler and the reception terminal.

The present application provides a trisection power divider with isolation and a microwave transmission system, where the divider includes a first hybrid ring coupler with a distribution ratio of 1:2 and a second hybrid ring coupler with a distribution ratio of 1:1; a first port of the first hybrid ring coupler is a signal input port; a second port of the first hybrid ring coupler is connected with a first port of the second hybrid ring coupler; a second port of the second hybrid ring coupler, a third port of the second hybrid ring coupler and a third port of the first hybrid ring coupler are three signal output ports of the divider; and the second port of the first hybrid ring coupler is a port with high power.

The present application provides a trisection power divider with isolation and a microwave transmission system, where the divider includes a first hybrid ring coupler with a distribution ratio of 1:2 and a second hybrid ring coupler with a distribution ratio of 1:1; a first port of the first hybrid ring coupler is a signal input port; a second port of the first hybrid ring coupler is connected with a first port of the second hybrid ring coupler; a second port of the second hybrid ring coupler, a third port of the second hybrid ring coupler and a third port of the first hybrid ring coupler are three signal output ports of the divider; and the second port of the first hybrid ring coupler is a port with high power.

A hybrid coupler for dividing an input electrical signal to produce first and second output electrical signals which are substantially out of phase, the hybrid coupler including an input port for receiving the input electrical signal, and an input line for coupling the input electrical signal to a slotline. The hybrid coupler further includes an output line for coupling the first and second output electrical signals to a first output port and a second output port, respectively. The output line has a junction with the slotline. The hybrid coupler further includes a co-planar waveguide electrically connected to said output line and having a first end and an opposing second end, and defining, at the second end, a sum port configured to divert common mode signals received at said first and second output ports to said second end. The slotline transitions into the first end of the co-planar waveguide.

A hybrid coupler for dividing an input electrical signal to produce first and second output electrical signals which are substantially out of phase, the hybrid coupler including an input port for receiving the input electrical signal, and an input line for coupling the input electrical signal to a slotline. The hybrid coupler further includes an output line for coupling the first and second output electrical signals to a first output port and a second output port, respectively. The output line has a junction with the slotline. The hybrid coupler further includes a co-planar waveguide electrically connected to said output line and having a first end and an opposing second end, and defining, at the second end, a sum port configured to divert common mode signals received at said first and second output ports to said second end. The slotline transitions into the first end of the co-planar waveguide.