An Improved Roadway Guidance System provides guidance elements in a roadway as means to guide a vehicle along the roadway, as well as supply important information to the vehicle to enhance the autonomous operation of the vehicle in a safe and efficient manner. The system comprises at least three parts: (1) the use of overlaid roadway emitter strips that provide an extended excitation/emission field simultaneous with direct guidance instructions to passing vehicles; (2) the use of a linearly-arranged antenna array system provided on the vehicle and adapted for interaction with the emitter strips for positionally locating the vehicle within a travel lane and providing additional informative data for operation of the vehicle; and (3) the use of a multi-port Receiver Unit that works with the antenna array and the host vehicle's guidance system to optimize autonomous operation of the vehicle.

Provided are wavelength based V2X antennas, and related antenna systems and method, which can include a first antenna having a first wavelength and a second antenna having a second antenna. Some antenna systems control a wavelength of a signal for transmission using one of the first antenna and the second antenna.

Disclosed is a system, method, mobile communication device and one or more computer programs for a monitoring system. In one aspect, the system includes a plurality of transmitters, each transmitter having associated therewith a reflector antenna configured to substantially reflect signal transmission toward a detection area; and a mobile device configured to: receive transmitter signals from at least two transmitters from the plurality of transmitters; and determine that the mobile device is located within the detection area based on received signal strengths of the at least some of the transmitter signals.

In a communications system for communication between a vehicle guided along a predefined movement path and a stationary station using a slotted waveguide which extends parallel to the movement path of the vehicle and into which at least one antenna connected to a transceiver unit of the stationary station and at least one antenna of the vehicle project, wherein the antenna of the vehicle is moved in the longitudinal direction of the slotted waveguide with a movement of the vehicle, a switching device is arranged between the antenna of the vehicle and a transceiver unit of the vehicle, by means of which the antenna can be selectively connected to the transceiver unit of the vehicle either directly or via at least one interconnected attenuation element. The switching device can be actuated by the control device of the vehicle according to the power of a received signal.

Resonant sensors for environmental health risk detection are disclosed. An adhesive may include at least one meso-scale or micro-scale resonator embedded within a material that comprises at least a portion of the adhesive. The at least one meso-scale or micro-scale resonator may be formed from a composite material. Additionally, the at least one meso-scale or micro-scale resonator may include a plurality of first carbon particles configured to uniquely resonate in response to an electromagnetic ping based at least in part on a concentration level of the first carbon particles within the at least one meso-scale or micro-scale resonator.

A roadside apparatus according to the first aspect includes: a housing including an antenna mounting surface; an antenna connection terminal being provided on the antenna mounting surface, and supporting both a rod antenna and a planar antenna; and a circuit being housed in the housing, and being configured to perform road-to-vehicle communication via a connection antenna connected to the antenna connection terminal. An area of the antenna mounting surface is equal to or larger than an area of the planar antenna. An antenna selected out of the planar antenna and the rod antenna is connected as the connection antenna to the antenna connection terminal.

Method and system for remotely detecting a vehicle positioned in at least one of several possible adjacent lanes, which lanes are arranged one after the other in a lateral direction, wherein reading antennas are arranged to read received electro-magnetic signals received from vehicles, at different lateral reading locations. The method involves measuring an electromagnetic signal received from the vehicle by several of said reading antennas; determining, for each of said several reading antennas, a respective received electromagnetic signal strength; determining, based upon knowledge about a respective relative geometric position and the said respective determined signal strength of each of the said several reading antennas, a geometric center of gravity for a first signal strength function, which is the received signal strength as a function of physical lateral position; and detecting the vehicle as present in a lane in which the said geometric center of gravity lies.

An antenna for a communication device, and also an RFID reader incorporating the antenna, are disclosed. The antenna has a structure including a ground portion and a radiating component. The radiating component has a first side, and a second side that is spaced apart from the first side. The first side has a ground edge portion which is in contact with the ground portion, and the first side extends, from its ground edge portion, away from a surface on one side of the ground portion. The second side also has a ground edge portion which is in contact with the ground portion, and the second side also extends, from its ground edge portion, away from a surface on said one side of the ground portion.

A system for providing smart road infrastructure for the purpose of vehicle safety and autonomous driving, comprising a plurality of road units, which are located along the borders of each traffic lane and equally spaced from each other, where each road unit includes a read/write passive RF tag; antenna for communicating with a plurality of transceivers, each of which is installed on each vehicle that travels along a traffic lane of said road, in response to signals transmitted from said transceivers; a memory for temporarily storing data regarding each vehicle traveling along said lane. Each car unit comprises a reader for interrogating said tags. The reader includes a first transceiver that is installed on the left front of said vehicle and a second transceiver that is installed on the right front of said vehicle; a processor being in bidirectional data communication with said transceivers and with the vehicle inherent control systems, for processing data received from said tags and calculating speed and location of said vehicle with respect to the borders of said lane and to other neighboring vehicles traveling in said lane and adjacent lanes, to implement vehicle safety operations such as Lane Departure Warning, Forward Collision Warning, Lane Keeping Assist, Lane Centering, Side Collision Warning. Alerting the driver (visually and/or audibly) regarding potential problems and/or taking over control of the vehicle (ADAS 1-5). The system can provide Connected Vehicles with accurate (ubiquitous and instantaneous) location data with lane-level resolution. The proposed smart infrastructure may complement car sensors and/or connected vehicles, so as to implement a combination that yield the most relabel and cost-effective autonomous driving system.

Disclosed is a system, method, mobile communication device and one or more computer programs for a monitoring system. In one aspect, the system includes a plurality of transmitters, each transmitter having associated therewith a reflector antenna configured to substantially reflect signal transmission toward a detection area; and a mobile device configured to: receive transmitter signals from at least two transmitters from the plurality of transmitters; and determine that the mobile device is located within the detection area based on received signal strengths of the at least some of the transmitter signals.