In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a first baseband section to receive a calibration signal; a first radio frequency (RF) section configured to generate a RF calibration signal based on modulating the calibration signal. The calibration signal comprises an orthogonal code based signal. The apparatus includes a second RF section to receive the RF calibration signal and generate a received calibration signal based on demodulating the RF calibration signal; a calibration section; a first antenna electrically coupled to the first RF section and configured to transmit the RF calibration signal; and a second antenna electrically coupled to the second RF section and configured to receive the RF calibration signal. The calibration section is configured to determine one or more of gain, baseband delay, or RF delay to calibrate the first RF section; and the second antenna is switchable between receiving the RF calibration signal and transmitting an encoded data signal.

A radar system includes an antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements; and a transmitter portion coupled to the antenna array, the transmitter portion being configured to sequentially transmit a first transmit beam and a second transmit beam from a single pulse, the first transmit beam and second transmit beam being formed using the same aperture of the antenna array, wherein a skew angle of the first transmit beam is distinct from a skew angle of the second beam. Such radar system alternatively transmitting through subarrays and receiving each via the entire array and combining the signals such that the transmit and receive parts of one of two 2-way beams point in the same direction and the transmit and receive parts of the second 2-way beam point in the same direction and these directions are within a standard beamwidth of each other.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, causing a reference antenna element of a first set of antenna elements of a first antenna array to transmit a first signal, determining for each antenna element of a second set of antenna elements of a second antenna array, a receive-related offset, relative to the reference element, based on inter-element propagation delays between the first and second sets of elements, causing each antenna element of the second set of elements to transmit a respective second signal, based on the reference antenna element receiving the respective second signals, calculating a respective transmit-related offset for each antenna element of the second set of antenna elements relative to the reference antenna element based on the inter-element propagation delays, and performing calibration between the first antenna array and the second antenna array based on the respective receive-related and transmit-related offsets. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining, over an uplink (UL) using an aggregation of modular antenna arrays, a modulated signal that includes feedback transmitted by a user equipment (UE), wherein the aggregation of modular antenna arrays comprises multiple groups of antenna elements, after the obtaining the modulated signal, performing a demodulation of the modulated signal, determining demodulator constellation errors from the demodulation of the modulated signal, performing an error gradient weight adaptation responsive to the determining the demodulator constellation errors to derive revised weights for various antenna elements of the multiple groups of antenna elements, and applying the revised weights to the various antenna elements of the multiple groups of antenna elements to adjust signals received over the UL. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving a plurality of orthogonal sounding reference signals (SRS) from a plurality of user equipment (UEs), wherein each SRS of the plurality of orthogonal SRS is provided by a respective UE of the plurality of UEs, determining a downlink (DL) channel, in frequency division duplex (FDD), using spatial correlations relating to the plurality of UEs, wherein the spatial correlations are based on the plurality of orthogonal SRS, calculating a plurality of DL precoding weights for a plurality of coherent modular antenna panels responsive to the determining the DL channel, and applying the plurality of DL precoding weights to the plurality of coherent modular antenna panels to enable multi-user (Mu)-multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) for the plurality of UEs. Other embodiments are disclosed.

An electronic device may include first and second phased antenna arrays that convey radio-frequency signals at frequencies greater than 10 GHz. The second array may have fewer antennas than the first array. Control circuitry may control the first and second arrays in a diversity mode and in a simultaneous array mode. In the diversity mode, the first array may form a first signal beam while the second array is inactive. When the first array is blocked by an object or otherwise exhibits unsatisfactory performance, the second array may form a second signal beam while the first array is inactive. In the simultaneous mode, the first and second arrays may form a combined array that produces a third signal beam. The combined array may maximize gain. Hierarchical beam searching operations may be performed. The arrays may be distributed across one or more modules.

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a cover glass, a rear cover which faces away from the cover glass, and a plurality of communication devices that are interposed between the cover glass and the rear cover. Each of the plurality of communication devices comprises a printed circuit board (PCB), an antenna array positioned at the PCB, a dielectric substance positioned on one surface of the antenna array, a conductor positioned on an opposite surface of the antenna array, and a communication circuit electrically connected with the antenna array. The communication circuit is configured to feed the antenna array and transmit/receive a signal in a specified frequency band based on an electrical path formed through the antenna array.

In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a transmit section including a first baseband section and a first radio frequency (RF) section, wherein the transmit section is configured to receive a calibration signal, the first RF section is configured to generate a RF calibration signal based on modulating the calibration signal. The calibration signal comprises an orthogonal code based signal; and a receive section configured to receive the RF calibration signal over-the-air, the receive section includes a second RF section and a calibration section, the second RF section is configured to generate a received calibration signal based on the RF calibration signal, the received calibration signal and a reference signal associated with the RF calibration signal comprise inputs to the calibration section and the calibration section is configured to determine one or more of gain, baseband delay, or RF delay compensation values, based on the inputs, to calibrate the transmit section.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, causing a reference antenna element of a first set of antenna elements of a first antenna array to transmit a first signal, determining for each antenna element of a second set of antenna elements of a second antenna array, a receive-related offset, relative to the reference element, based on inter-element propagation delays between the first and second sets of elements, causing each antenna element of the second set of elements to transmit a respective second signal, based on the reference antenna element receiving the respective second signals, calculating a respective transmit-related offset for each antenna element of the second set of antenna elements relative to the reference antenna element based on the inter-element propagation delays, and performing calibration between the first antenna array and the second antenna array based on the respective receive-related and transmit-related offsets. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining information regarding an external source that might be affected by downlink (DL) transmissions emitted by an aggregation of modular antenna arrays, wherein each modular antenna array of the aggregation of modular antenna arrays comprises a set of antenna elements, resulting in multiple sets of antenna elements, and wherein the aggregation of modular antenna arrays is operated in multi-user (Mu)-multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) mode in which parallel transmissions are facilitated for a plurality of user equipment (UEs), determining adjustments for particular antenna elements of the multiple sets of antenna elements based on the obtaining the information, wherein the determining the adjustments is based on a probability that interference of the parallel transmissions with the external source will be mitigated, and causing the particular antenna elements to be operated based on the adjustments. Other embodiments are disclosed.