An antenna arrangement includes an antenna element and a corresponding feeder line configured to feed a signal to and from the antenna element, and includes a portion of a couplerline spaced apart from but proximate to the antenna element, the feeder line, and a selectivity element. The portion of the couplerline is configured to receive via inductive coupling the signal from one or both of the feeder line and the antenna element, and to transmit a signal via inductive coupling to the feeder line and/or the antenna element. The antenna arrangement includes the selectivity element, which is spaced apart from but proximate to the antenna element, the feeder line, and the portion of the couplerline, and which is configured to select or not select the antenna element for coupling to the portion of the couplerline. An apparatus may include multiple antenna arrangements (with subgroups) and be configured for AAS calibration.

An antenna arrangement includes an antenna element and a corresponding feeder line configured to feed a signal to and from the antenna element, and includes a portion of a couplerline spaced apart from but proximate to the antenna element, the feeder line, and a selectivity element. The portion of the couplerline is configured to receive via inductive coupling the signal from one or both of the feeder line and the antenna element, and to transmit a signal via inductive coupling to the feeder line and/or the antenna element. The antenna arrangement includes the selectivity element, which is spaced apart from but proximate to the antenna element, the feeder line, and the portion of the couplerline, and which is configured to select or not select the antenna element for coupling to the portion of the couplerline. An apparatus may include multiple antenna arrangements (with subgroups) and be configured for AAS calibration.

A low sidelobe beam forming method and dual-beam antenna schematic are disclosed, which may preferably be used for 3-sector and 6-sector cellular communication system. Complete antenna combines 2-, 3- or -4 columns dual-beam sub-arrays (modules) with improved beam-forming network (BFN). The modules may be used as part of an array, or as an independent 2-beam antenna. By integrating different types of modules to form a complete array, the present invention provides an improved dual-beam antenna with improved azimuth sidelobe suppression in a wide frequency band of operation, with improved coverage of a desired cellular sector and with less interference being created with other cells. Advantageously, a better cell efficiency is realized with up to 95% of the radiated power being directed in a desired cellular sector.

Systems and methods for high power microwave combining and switching are provided. In at least one implementation a system includes a plurality of inputs, wherein there are M inputs in the plurality of inputs and a plurality of phase shifters, wherein there are N phase shifters in the plurality of phase shifters and N is a multiple of two times M, wherein a signal received through the plurality of inputs is divided and coupled to N/M phase shifters. The system further includes an N:N Butler matrix coupled between outputs of the N phase shifters in the plurality of phase shifters and a plurality of outputs.

An exemplary system, method and computer-accessible medium for determining an effect of a millimeter wave (mmWave) radiation on an object(s), can be provided, which can include, for example, receiving information associated with a thermal(s), E field or H field scan of at the object(s) based on the mmWave radiation, and determining the effect of the mmWave radiation(s) based on the information. The information can be determined using a bioheat equation, which can be a Pennes' bioheat equation. The information can include a specific absorption rate of the mmWave radiation and/or a temperature change across the at least one object. The object(s) can be a live subject(s).

An exemplary system, method and computer-accessible medium for determining an effect of a millimeter wave (mmWave) radiation on an object(s), can be provided, which can include, for example, receiving information associated with a thermal(s), E field or H field scan of at the object(s) based on the mmWave radiation, and determining the effect of the mmWave radiation(s) based on the information. The information can be determined using a bioheat equation, which can be a Pennes' bioheat equation. The information can include a specific absorption rate of the mmWave radiation and/or a temperature change across the at least one object. The object(s) can be a live subject(s).

A multibeam analogue former of several two-dimensional radiofrequency beams of continuously variable sizes and/or aiming directions for a reconfigurable two-dimensional active array antenna, includes a first set of analogue multibeam formers of fixed one-dimensional beams, of identical structure, superposed and connected at the output to rows of elementary radiating feeds of a planar antenna array in a first axial direction X. The analogue multibeam former comprises a second set of second one-dimensional analogue formers of radiofrequency beams that are continuously variable in size and/or in aiming direction in second angular aiming directions By along a second axial direction Y. Each second analogue former is formed by a divider with a single input and R output branches in transmission mode, each output branch of the divider including an amplitude and phase control point. Each second analogue former of the second set is connected to at least one access column of the first set of first analogue formers, an access column being formed by R access terminals to the input channels of the same rank j of the first analogue formers.

A wireless communications system includes a first transceiver with a first phased array antenna panel having horizontal-polarization receive antennas and vertical-polarization transmit antennas, where the horizontal-polarization receive antennas form a first receive beam based on receive phase and receive amplitude information provided by a first master chip, the vertical-polarization transmit antennas form a first transmit beam based on transmit phase and transmit amplitude information provided by the first master chip. The wireless communications system may include a second transceiver having vertical-polarization receive antennas and horizontal-polarization transmit antennas in a second phased array antenna panel, where the vertical-polarization receive antennas form a second receive beam based on receive phase and receive amplitude information provided by a second master chip, the horizontal-polarization transmit antennas form a second transmit beam based on transmit phase and transmit amplitude information provided by the second master chip.

A wireless communications system includes a first transceiver with a first phased array antenna panel having horizontal-polarization receive antennas and vertical-polarization transmit antennas, where the horizontal-polarization receive antennas form a first receive beam based on receive phase and receive amplitude information provided by a first master chip, the vertical-polarization transmit antennas form a first transmit beam based on transmit phase and transmit amplitude information provided by the first master chip. The wireless communications system may include a second transceiver having vertical-polarization receive antennas and horizontal-polarization transmit antennas in a second phased array antenna panel, where the vertical-polarization receive antennas form a second receive beam based on receive phase and receive amplitude information provided by a second master chip, the horizontal-polarization transmit antennas form a second transmit beam based on transmit phase and transmit amplitude information provided by the second master chip.

A multi-beam-former for an antenna array is described, the multi-beam former comprises N transceiver terminals for connecting a transmitter and/or receiver and N antenna terminals for connecting to a respective antenna and a plurality of couplers and matrix phase shifters arranged in an N×N Butler matrix configuration between the N transceiver terminals and the N antenna terminals. At least some of the matrix phase shifters include a switchable matrix phase shifter configured to switch between a respective first phase shift value and a respective second phase shift value; a plurality of bypassable phase shifters arranged between at least some of the couplers and the antenna terminals and configured to switch between a respective further phase shift value and a zero phase shift. The multi-beam former is operable to select one of M different beam angles for a signal, wherein M is greater than N.