Antenna elements are disclosed herein that include a metallic square ring patch and a metallic square ring slot to transmit or receive radio frequency (RF) signals. The disclosed antenna elements use several dielectric layers that are separated by two low-dielectric foam layers. The square ring patch is located above an upper foam layer, and a square ring slot is located between the upper foam layer and a bottom foam layer. Electrical feed lines are used to either supply electrical power to the antenna elements cells or output RF signals that are received by the square ring patch. The disclosed antenna elements may be arranged together in an antenna array that is tunable to collectively generate or receive RF signals.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. According to one or more aspects, the described apparatus includes one or more stacks of patch radiators (such as patch antennas) comprising at least a first patch radiator and a second patch radiator. The first patch radiator is associated with a low-band frequency; the second patch radiator is associated with a high-band frequency. The first patch radiator and the second patch radiator may overlap a ground plane, which may be asymmetric. Some or all patch radiators in a stack may be rotated relative to the ground plane, such that some or all edge of a patch radiator may be nonparallel with one or more edges of the ground plane. Further, each patch radiator stack may include separate feeds for each of at least two frequencies and two polarizations, and thus at least four feeds (one for each frequency/polarization combination) in total.

A chip antenna includes a first ceramic substrate, a second ceramic substrate disposed to face the first ceramic substrate, a first patch disposed on the first ceramic substrate to operate as a feed patch, and a second patch disposed on the second ceramic substrate to operate as a radiation patch. One or both of the first ceramic substrate and the second ceramic substrate include a groove, and one or both of the first patch and the second patch is disposed in the groove of the respective first ceramic substrate and second ceramic substrate and protrudes from the groove.

An antenna apparatus may include: first patch antenna patterns arrayed in an N×1 structure, the first patch antenna patterns each having a polygonal shape having an oblique side with respect to an array direction of the N×1 structure; feed vias electrically connected to the first patch antenna patterns; and guide vias arrayed along the oblique side, wherein N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

An electronic device may have an antenna embedded in a substrate. The substrate may have first layers, second layers on the first layers, and third layers on the second layers. The antenna may include a first patch on the first layers that radiates in a first band, a second patch on the second antenna layers that radiates in a second band, and a parasitic patch on the third layers. A short path may couple ground to a location on the first patch that allows the first patch to form a ground extension in the second band for the second patch without affecting performance of the first patch in the first band. The first layers may have a higher dielectric permittivity than the second and third layers to minimize the thickness of the substrate without requiring a separate dielectric loading layer over the substrate.

The disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. An antenna module is provided. The antenna module includes a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) including a first surface directed in a first direction and a second surface directed in a second direction that forms a predetermined first angle with respect to the first direction, a first antenna deployed on one surface of the first surface, and a second antenna deployed on one surface of the second surface.

An antenna device includes a first feeding node and a second feeding node, a bottom layer arranged as a cavity-backed ground, and a middle layer arranged above bottom layer. A first feeding line and a third feeding line of middle layer are electrically connected to first feeding node and a second feeding line and a fourth feeding line of middle layer are electrically connected to second feeding node. The antenna device further includes a top layer arranged above middle layer. The top layer has four slots, where a portion of first slot, a portion of second slot, a portion of third slot and a portion of fourth slot overlap with a portion of first feeding line, a portion of second feeding line, a portion of third feeding line and a portion of fourth feeding line, respectively. A radiator arranged above top layer at a distance from top layer.

Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) radio frequency signals broadcast from geo-stationary satellites 20,000 km above the earth when received by GNSS receivers are fundamentally weak. Accordingly, these GNSS receivers are vulnerable to accidental and deliberate interference from a range of synthetic sources as well as natural sources. Existing anti-jamming technologies such as controlled reception pattern antennas, adaptive antennas, null-steering antennas, and beamforming antennas etc. are expensive and incompatible with many lower cost and footprint limited applications. However, in many applications the GNSS antenna is mounted upon a fixed or mobile element such that accidental and intentional jammers tend to be in the plane of the antenna or below it. Accordingly, there are presented designs and techniques to improve the anti-jamming or interference performance of GNSS receivers by further reducing the responsivity of the GNSS receiver to signals in-plane or below the plane of the antenna.

A method for improving cross-polarization discrimination in a dual-polarized antenna array that includes antenna elements, each including at least two feeding ports to excite the antenna element with mutually independent signals having respective complex amplitudes. The method includes: determining, for each feeding port and antenna element, an electromagnetic far field resulting from excitation of the antenna by the feeding port as field components corresponding to two orthogonal linear polarizations and selecting the handedness of a desired circular polarization in the far field; determining, based on a predetermined relationship between the field components corresponding to the two orthogonal linear polarizations and on the desired circular polarization in the far field, a ratio between the complex amplitudes of excitation of the feeding ports of each antenna element, the ratio being associated with an increased cross-polarization discrimination; and exciting the antenna elements with signals having complex amplitudes in the determined ratio.

A diversity antenna for transmitting and/or receiving radio frequency (RF) signals includes a planar dielectric substrate on which is disposed a single conductive patch and a pair of conductive feeds, each conductive feed extending into the patch using an inset feed microstrip configuration. The pair of conductive feeds is arranged on the substrate in an orthogonal relationship and interact with the common patch to form two independent antenna elements which are non-interfering and orthogonally polarized. Preferably, the diversity antenna is housed within a low-profile protective casing to yield a patch-type antenna structure with orthogonal signal coverage. In operation, the independent signal feeds produced by the pair of antenna elements are delivered by corresponding feedlines to a diversity receiver for signal processing. Accordingly, the diversity receiver is able to minimize any cross-polarization effects present in either signal feed, thereby providing the diversity antenna with full, omnidirectional signal coverage.