Provided is an antenna device capable of ensuring an installation space for components related to an antenna and eliminating a dead zone of a signal transmitted or received by the antenna by tilting an antenna unit. To this end, the antenna device according to the present invention includes a pole, an antenna unit, a lower link unit configured to couple a lower portion of the antenna unit to the pole so that the lower portion of the antenna unit is rotatable in an upward/downward direction, and a tilt drive unit configured to couple an upper portion of the antenna unit to the pole and tilt the upper portion of the antenna unit by rotating the upper portion of the antenna unit about a rotation center of the lower link unit, in which the tilt drive unit includes a tilt motor, a worm gear configured to be rotated by driving power of the tilt motor, a first tilt arm coupled to the antenna unit, a second tilt arm coupled to the pole, a first worm wheel configured to rotate the first tilt arm by being rotated by a rotation of the worm gear, and a second worm wheel configured to rotate the second tilt arm by being rotated by a rotation of the worm gear.

Disclosed a guided surface waveguide probe including a charge terminal configured to generate an electromagnetic field and a support apparatus that supports the charge terminal above a lossy conducting medium, wherein the electromagnetic field generated by the charge terminal synthesizes a wave front incident at a complex Brewster angle of incidence (.sub.i,B) of the lossy conducting medium.

A method and fluid antenna apparatus are disclosed that incorporate optical agitation of electrolytes. The fluid antenna comprises a substantially enclosed container having a transparent window, an electrolytic fluid disposed within the substantially enclosed container, a light source, the light source producing an optical beam, wherein the light source is configured to direct the optical beam into the container; wherein the transparent window is configured to receive the optical beam from the light source; and wherein the beam has sufficient intensity to enable movement of charged particles in the electrolytic fluid in the container via radiation pressure.

A method and fluid antenna apparatus are disclosed that incorporate optical agitation of electrolytes. The fluid antenna comprises a substantially enclosed container having a transparent window, an electrolytic fluid disposed within the substantially enclosed container, a light source, the light source producing an optical beam, wherein the light source is configured to direct the optical beam into the container; wherein the transparent window is configured to receive the optical beam from the light source; and wherein the beam has sufficient intensity to enable movement of charged particles in the electrolytic fluid in the container via radiation pressure.

Provided is an antenna device capable of ensuring an installation space for components related to an antenna and eliminating a dead zone of a signal transmitted or received by the antenna by tilting an antenna unit. To this end, the antenna device according to the present invention includes a pole, an antenna unit, a lower link unit configured to couple a lower portion of the antenna unit to the pole so that the lower portion of the antenna unit is rotatable in an upward/downward direction, and a tilt drive unit configured to couple an upper portion of the antenna unit to the pole and tilt the upper portion of the antenna unit by rotating the upper portion of the antenna unit about a rotation center of the lower link unit, in which the tilt drive unit includes a tilt motor, a worm gear configured to be rotated by driving power of the tilt motor, a first tilt arm coupled to the antenna unit, a second tilt arm coupled to the pole, a first worm wheel configured to rotate the first tilt arm by being rotated by a rotation of the worm gear, and a second worm wheel configured to rotate the second tilt arm by being rotated by a rotation of the worm gear.

Provided is an antenna device capable of ensuring an installation space for components related to an antenna and eliminating a dead zone of a signal transmitted or received by the antenna by tilting an antenna unit. To this end, the antenna device according to the present invention includes a pole, an antenna unit, a lower link unit configured to couple a lower portion of the antenna unit to the pole so that the lower portion of the antenna unit is rotatable in an upward/downward direction, and a tilt drive unit configured to couple an upper portion of the antenna unit to the pole and tilt the upper portion of the antenna unit by rotating the upper portion of the antenna unit about a rotation center of the lower link unit, in which the tilt drive unit includes a tilt motor, a worm gear configured to be rotated by driving power of the tilt motor, a first tilt arm coupled to the antenna unit, a second tilt arm coupled to the pole, a first worm wheel configured to rotate the first tilt arm by being rotated by a rotation of the worm gear, and a second worm wheel configured to rotate the second tilt arm by being rotated by a rotation of the worm gear.

Disclosed are various embodiments for providing temperature measurements of a guided surface wave probe and/or a support structure. In one embodiment, among others, a system comprises a guided surface waveguide probe configured to launch a guided surface wave along a lossy conducting medium, where the guided surface waveguide probe generates heat while in operation. The support structure comprises non-conducting structural components that support the electrical components of the guided surface waveguide probe. The system also comprises a temperature sensor positioned on one of the non-conducting structural components.

Disclosed are various embodiments for providing temperature measurements of a guided surface wave probe and/or a support structure. In one embodiment, among others, a system comprises a guided surface waveguide probe configured to launch a guided surface wave along a lossy conducting medium, where the guided surface waveguide probe generates heat while in operation. The support structure comprises non-conducting structural components that support the electrical components of the guided surface waveguide probe. The system also comprises a temperature sensor positioned on one of the non-conducting structural components.

The invention relates to a surface wave antenna system, comprising at least one antenna that is electrically short in the vertical plane, with vertical or elliptic polarization and emitting a radiation, said antenna being linked to a conducting medium exhibiting a substantially horizontal surface. The antenna system being characterized in that it comprises furthermore at least one parasitic wire extending in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the conducting medium, electrically insulated from each antenna, and arranged in the vicinity of at least one antenna in such a way as to be able to radiate by virtue of the current induced by said radiation of this antenna. The invention makes it possible to combine the resultants of each radiating element in such a way as to control the radiation pattern in the vertical plane.

A method and fluid antenna apparatus are disclosed that incorporate optical agitation of electrolytes. The fluid antenna comprises a substantially enclosed container having a transparent window, an electrolytic fluid disposed within the substantially enclosed container, a light source, the light source producing an optical beam, wherein the light source is configured to direct the optical beam into the container; wherein the transparent window is configured to receive the optical beam from the light source; and wherein the beam has sufficient intensity to enable movement of charged particles in the electrolytic fluid in the container via radiation pressure.