A control assembly, including: a control circuit, a battery module, and a first interface and a second interface configured to connect the control assembly with an external atomization module. The battery module is provided with a first lead penetrating therethrough. The first interface and a first pin of the control circuit are connected to two electrode terminals of the battery module, respectively. The second interface and a second pin of the control circuit are connected to two terminals of the first lead, respectively. The first pin is an atomization pin, and the second pin is a power pin; or alternatively, the first pin is the power pin, and the second pin is the atomization pin; or alternatively, the first pin is a ground pin, and the second pin is the atomization pin; or alternatively, the first pin is the atomization pin, and the second pin is the ground pin.

A system for testing over-current fault detection includes a first switch to connect a voltage to a load, a capacitor connected between the first switch and ground, a monitor circuit that monitors a current from the first switch to the load, and a microcontroller configured to detect an over-current fault condition based upon input from the monitor circuit. The microcontroller controls the state of the first switch to connect voltage to the load and verifies over-current detection based upon current generated during charging of the capacitor.

A vehicle power system includes a controller that reduces a voltage setpoint of an alternator by a predetermined amount in response to a magnitude of electric charge provided by the alternator during a predetermined time period exceeding a first threshold and a rate of change of power output by the alternator exceeding a second threshold during the time period. The controller also regulates an output voltage of the alternator based on the setpoint.

Disclosed is a power management circuit for an electric auxiliary vehicle. The electric auxiliary vehicle includes a battery, a motor, and a power receiving terminal. The power management circuit includes a transformer, a primary circuit, first and second power transmission circuits, and a controller. The transformer includes primary and secondary windings. The primary circuit is connected to the primary winding and the power receiving terminal. The first power transmission circuit is connected to the secondary winding and the battery. The second power transmission circuit is connected to the secondary winding, battery, and motor. The controller controls the primary circuit and the first power transmission circuit to provide battery power of the battery to the power receiving terminal in a first operating mode. The controller controls the second power transmission circuit in a second operating mode, so that the second power transmission circuit uses power of motor to charge the battery.

A charging system includes: a motor including a plurality of stator coils; a power receiving terminal including a power receiving positive end and a power receiving negative end, the power receiving negative end being connected to a battery negative end, and the power receiving positive end being connected to a neutral point of the motor; a capacitor; an inverter; a plurality of neutral point switching elements each of which connects a second end of a corresponding one of the stator coils to the neutral point; and a plurality of diodes, an anode of each of the diodes being connected to the power receiving negative end, and a cathode of each of the diodes being connected to the second end of a corresponding one of the stator coils.

A charging system includes a motor, first/second inverters, a neutral point switching element, a power receiving terminal, a circuit selector, and a controller. The motor includes a plurality of stator coils. First ends of the stator coils are connected to the first inverter, and second ends of the stator coils are connected to the second inverter. The neutral point switching elements interconnect the second ends of the stator coils at neutral points. An external power source is connected to the power receiving terminal. The circuit selector switches a connection relationship between the first/second inverters, the power receiving terminal, and the neutral point. The controller controls the circuit selector so that a current flows from the external power source to the stator coil through the switching element having a small accumulated stress among the switching elements of the first/second inverters and the neutral point switching element.

A charging system includes a motor, first/second inverters, a neutral point switching element, a power receiving terminal, a circuit selector, and a controller. The motor includes a plurality of stator coils. First ends of the stator coils are connected to the first inverter, and second ends of the stator coils are connected to the second inverter. The neutral point switching elements interconnect the second ends of the stator coils at neutral points. An external power source is connected to the power receiving terminal. The circuit selector switches a connection relationship between the first/second inverters, the power receiving terminal, and the neutral point. The controller controls the circuit selector so that a current flows from the external power source to the stator coil through the switching element having a small accumulated stress among the switching elements of the first/second inverters and the neutral point switching element.