A vibration element includes: a quartz crystal substrate having a first vibration part and a second vibration part; a pair of first excitation electrodes formed at two main surfaces of the quartz crystal substrate, at the first vibration part; and a pair of second excitation electrodes formed in such a way as to sandwich the second vibration part in a direction of thickness of the quartz crystal substrate, at the second vibration part. At least one second excitation electrode of the pair of second excitation electrodes is formed at an inclined surface inclined to at least one of the two main surfaces.

A piezoelectric vibrator includes a piezoelectric vibrating element, and a base member having a mounting surface to which the piezoelectric vibrating element is mounted, and a mount surface positioned on the opposite side to the mounting surface. The base member includes an electrode pattern formed at the mount surface that includes a ground electrode and a signal electrode that is electrically connected to the piezoelectric vibrating element. Moreover, the mount surface is a rectangular shape, the signal and ground electrodes are arranged in a region of the mount surface closer to any one side thereof, with the one side defining part of outer edges of the mount surface, and a distance from an outer edge of the signal electrode to the one side of the mount surface is longer than a distance from an outer edge of the ground electrode to the one side of the mount surface.

A vibration element includes: a quartz crystal substrate having a first vibration part and a second vibration part; a pair of first excitation electrodes formed at two main surfaces of the quartz crystal substrate, at the first vibration part; and a pair of second excitation electrodes formed in such a way as to sandwich the second vibration part in a direction of thickness of the quartz crystal substrate, at the second vibration part. At least one second excitation electrode of the pair of second excitation electrodes is formed at an inclined surface inclined to at least one of the two main surfaces.

A piezoelectric device includes a container and an AT-cut crystal element. The AT-cut crystal element has at least one side surface intersecting with a Z-axis of the crystallographic axis of the crystal constituted of three surfaces. The first surface is a surface equivalent to a surface formed by rotating the principal surface by 43.5 with an X-axis of the crystal as a rotation axis. The second surface is a surface equivalent to a surface formed by rotating the principal surface by 575 with the X-axis. The third surface is a surface equivalent to a surface formed by rotating the principal surface by 425 with the X-axis. When two corner portions on a side of a second side opposed to the first side of the AT-cut crystal element are viewed in plan view, each of the two corner portions have an approximately right angle.

A microwave dielectric component (100) comprises a microwave dielectric substrate (101) and a metal layer, the metal layer being bonded to a surface of the microwave dielectric substrate (101). The metal layer comprises a conductive seed layer and a metal thickening layer (105). The conductive seed layer comprises an ion implantation layer (103) implanted into the surface of the microwave dielectric substrate (101) and a plasma deposition layer (104) adhered on the ion implantation layer (103). The metal thickening layer (105) is adhered on the plasma deposition layer (104). A manufacturing method of the microwave dielectric component (100) is further disclosed.

A piezoelectric resonator unit that includes a base, a piezoelectric resonator mounted on the base member, and a cover that is bonded to the base and that collectively forms an inner space that accommodates the piezoelectric resonator. The cover includes a top surface that faces the base with the piezoelectric resonator interposed therebetween, and a side wall that extends in a direction that intersects a main surface of the top surface. The piezoelectric resonator unit is designed so that the thickness of the top surface is larger than the thickness of the side wall.

The disclosed technology generally relates to quartz crystal devices and more particularly to quartz crystal devices configured to vibrate in torsional mode. In one aspect, a quartz crystal device configured for temperature sensing comprises a fork-shaped quartz crystal comprising a pair of elongate tines laterally extending from a base region in a horizontal lengthwise direction of the fork-shaped quartz crystal. Each of the tines has formed on one or both of opposing sides thereof a vertically protruding line structure laterally elongated in the horizontal lengthwise direction. The quartz crystal device further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the one or both of the opposing sides of each of the tines and configured such that, when an electrical bias is applied between the first and second electrodes, the fork-shaped quartz crystal vibrates in a torsional mode in which each of the tines twists about a respective axis extending in the horizontal lengthwise direction.

The disclosed technology generally relates to quartz crystal devices and more particularly to quartz crystal devices configured to vibrate in torsional mode. In one aspect, a quartz crystal device configured for temperature sensing comprises a fork-shaped quartz crystal comprising a pair of elongate tines laterally extending from a base region in a horizontal lengthwise direction of the fork-shaped quartz crystal, wherein each of the tines has formed on one or both of opposing sides thereof a pair of vertically recessed groove structures laterally elongated in the horizontal lengthwise direction, wherein the pair of groove structures are separated in a horizontal widthwise direction by a line structure. The quartz crystal device further comprises a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the one or both of the opposing sides of each of the tines and configured such that, when an electrical bias is applied between the first and second electrodes, the fork-shaped quartz crystal vibrates in a torsional mode in which each of the tines twists about a respective axis extending in the horizontal lengthwise direction.

A quartz crystal resonator that includes a substrate including a vibration portion, a frame portion that surrounds the vibration portion, and first to fourth coupling portions that couple the vibration portion and the frame portion to each other; and first and second excitation electrodes. An intersecting point of diagonal lines of a quadrangle formed by first to fourth connection portions is located on the positive side of the z axis relative to the x axis.

A resonator element includes a first electrode that is installed on a resonance portion of one of main surfaces positioned on the front and rear surfaces of a substrate, and a second electrode that is installed on the resonance portion of the other of the main surfaces, an outer shape of the substrate includes a first side surface and a second side surface, are arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the first side surface and the second side surface respectively include an inclined surface, the first electrode includes a first lead electrode installed on the inclined surface of the first side surface, a second electrode includes the second lead electrode installed on the inclined surface of the second side surface, and an angle formed between the inclined surface and the main surface is equal to or greater than 52 and equal to or less than 62.