Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described for radio frequency (RF) exposure limit compliance using uplink duty cycling. A user equipment (UE) may transmit a buffer status report (BSR) that indicates an amount of data that is to be transmitted by the UE, where lower priority data reported in the BSR may be throttled in order to reduce an amount of uplink resources associated with the lower priority data and thereby adjust an uplink duty cycle of the UE. The reduced uplink duty cycle may provide for additional transmit power that is available for higher priority data transmissions.

Described embodiments provide systems and methods for adjusting a radio usage of a wireless link according to a time-averaged specific absorption rate (SAR). A first device configured to concurrently maintain a first wireless link with a second device and a second wireless link with an access point of a network may determine a proposed radio usage of the first wireless link and the second wireless link. The first device may determine a state of the first device according to the proposed radio usage and sensor information from at least one sensor of the first device. The first device may determine a time-averaged SAR of a user due to the first device, according to a defined time window and the determined state of the first device, to adjust the proposed radio usage of the first wireless link and the second wireless link to satisfy a threshold level of the time-averaged SAR.

Described embodiments provide devices and methods for directing portions of signals to reduce power consumption. A wearable device may comprise N antennas configured to wirelessly receive and/or transmit incoming and/or outgoing signals. The N antennas may be spatially disposed on the device to enable at least one of the N antennas to be clear from blockage by a body part of a user when the device is maintained or worn against the body part, wherein N is an integer value greater than or equal to 2. The wearable device may comprise N receive chains coupled to the N antennas via transmit-receive couplers, the N receive chains configured to process the incoming signals. The wearable device may comprise a transmit chain configured to generate the outgoing signals. The wearable device may comprise a RF controller circuitry configured to direct portions of the generated outgoing signals via the transmit-receive couplers to the N antennas.

Described embodiments provide systems and methods for adjusting a radio usage of a wireless link according to a time-averaged specific absorption rate (SAR). A first device configured to concurrently maintain a first wireless link with a second device and a second wireless link with an access point of a network may determine a proposed radio usage of the first wireless link and the second wireless link. The first device may determine a state of the first device according to the proposed radio usage and sensor information from at least one sensor of the first device. The first device may determine a time-averaged SAR of a user due to the first device, according to a defined time window and the determined state of the first device, to adjust the proposed radio usage of the first wireless link and the second wireless link to satisfy a threshold level of the time-averaged SAR.

A dynamic specific absorption rate (SAR) may be implemented by monitoring and controlling power utilization of the various radio frequency (RF) emitting components over time within a mobile device. Power utilization may be tracked and modified to control the time-averaged RF exposure over a rolling time window. Periodically calculations of the updated rolling averages for RF transmissions may be performed based on the transmission data received from the mobile device components, and the continuously updated rolling averages of RF transmissions may be compared to time-average power utilization limits. Based on such comparisons, the mobile device may dynamically adjust the current transmissions of the radio transceivers and other RF emitting components on the mobile device.

Present teachings relate to a method for proximity detection on an electronic device, the method comprising the steps of: performing a first measurement using a first sensor; calculating, using a processing unit, a first distance value from the first measurement; the first distance value being indicative of the distance between a user and the electronic device; in response to the first distance value, through the processing unit, adapting an energy level on the electronic device, said energy level being related to the Specific Absorption Rate (“SAR”), such that predefined SAR requirements due to exposure of emitted energy from the electronic device are met. The present teaching further relate to an electronic device comprising a measurement system configured to control an energy level on the electronic device, said energy level being related to the Specific Absorption Rate (“SAR”). The present teachings also relate to a computer software product for implementing any method steps disclosed herein.

Various communication systems may benefit from selectively monitoring alternative links. In certain example embodiments, an apparatus may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to determine that at least one obstacle has entered at least one predefined region and transmit to at least one network entity at least one indication comprising at least one predicted-power back off (P-PBO) value. The at least one memory and the computer program code are further configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to generate at least one predictive-PBO report (P-PBOR) and transmit the at least one P-PBOR to the at least one network entity.

A data transmission device and a data transmission method are provided. The data transmission device includes: a plurality of front-end modules associated with a plurality of antennas, respectively; and a controller configured to select a front-end module to be used for data communication from among the plurality of front-end modules, wherein the controller is configured to: determine a temperature of each of the plurality of front-end modules; and select, from among the plurality of front-end modules, a front-end module having a temperature lower than or equal to a threshold temperature and corresponding to a maximum received power of a receiving device, among received powers of the receiving device corresponding to the plurality of front-end modules, and wherein each of the received powers of the receiving device is obtained based on a specific absorption rate (SAR) requirement or a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) requirement of a corresponding front-end module.

Techniques are provided which may be implemented using various methods and/or apparatuses in a mobile device to address maximum permissible exposure (MPE) proximity sensor failure. A mobile device may include a maximum permissible exposure (MPE) sensor control unit to actively monitor signals associated with proper operation of the MPE proximity sensors. Upon detecting an anomaly in any of these signals, such as a value drop below a given threshold, an MPE sensor control Unit will inform an AP (application processor, or other processor or controller) which in turn trigger display of a warning message on the display of the mobile device or the issuance of other warnings such an audible or tactile alert to inform the end user about the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) proximity sensor malfunction and/or notify the end use of a condition resulting in deactivation of the 5G new radio transceiver.

It is desirable to provide a technology which is capable of improving charging efficiency and reducing a possibility that power may affect a human body upon wireless power feeding. There is provided a receiver including a wireless communication unit configured to receive a radio wave transmitted from a transmitter; a display control unit configured to control display of at least one of receiving strength of the radio wave transmitted from the transmitter, at the wireless communication unit or predetermined information in accordance with the receiving strength; and a contactless communication unit configured to receive power wirelessly transmitted from the transmitter in a case where the receiving strength exceeds a threshold.