A method for piloting from bypass in a network with open wireless channels is disclosed. The method includes: 1) selecting a terminal station as a reference in open wireless channels, and sending a pilot signal, in which all or some frequency bands of open wireless channels occupied by the pilot signal are pilot frequency bands, and the proportion of power of the pilot signal to the total power of the pilot frequency bands is 0.1‰-5%; 2) spreading the pilot signal with a spread spectrum code when it is transmitted, and then superimposing on a communication signal in the pilot frequency bands in a low power spectrum signal mode similar with noise; and 3) providing pilot, carrier wave and clock synchronization, standard timing and indication information for network construction and mutual communication of multiple types of terminal stations in channels by the pilot signal.

Disclosed are systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media for improved data transmissions using puncturing and binary sequences. A receiving device receives a sequenced data input that includes a set of individual values and performs a puncturing of the sequenced data input, yielding a punctured sequenced data input. The receiving device calculates correlation values for the punctured sequence data input and a set of predetermined data outputs. The receiving device determines whether any of the resulting correlation values exceeds a threshold correlation value. In response to determining that the correlation value calculated based on one of the predetermined data outputs exceeds the threshold correlation value, the receiving device determines that the sequenced data input corresponds to the predetermined data output.

A data decoder includes a communication unit receiving a bit signal with encoded data; a first operation unit that bit shifts the bit signal by a first length, corresponding to a length of a spreading code used to encode the data, to generate a first operation stream; a second operation unit generating a second operation stream without the spreading code; a third operation unit that bit shifts the second operation stream by a second length to generate a third operation stream; a fourth operation unit generating a fourth operation stream from which the data is removed using the second operation stream and the third operation stream; and a polynomial generator that decodes the encoded data using the fourth operation stream.

Provided are a base station device and a mobile station device, which can lighten a cell-search processing. The base station device includes a frame constitution unit for forming a frame, in which a pilot symbol multiplied by a base station scrambling code and a plurality of sequences contained in the corresponding sequence set is arranged in at least the head or tail, and a radio transmission unit for sending the formed frame. On the receiving side, the frame timing can be detected from the position of a pilot symbol contained in that frame. Since the base station scrambling code and the sequence set containing the sequences are made to correspond to each other, candidates can be narrowed to at most the base station scrambling codes of the number of the combinations of the sequences contained in the sequence set, by detecting the sequences multiplied by the pilot symbol.

Methods, systems, and devices for the design of symbol-group based spreading schemes are described. An exemplary method for wireless communication includes transmitting, by a terminal, a first spread signal that is generated by spreading a first group of N data symbols using a first set of N sequences, where N is a symbol-group length, L is a spreading length, each of the first set of N sequences is from an orthogonal spreading sequence set that comprises L sequences, and each of the L sequences is of length L. Another exemplary method for wireless communication includes transmitting, by a network node, an indication of a first set of N sequences, and receiving a first spread signal comprising a group of N data symbols spread using the first set of N sequences.

A method of auto-aligning a beam within a receiving electronically steered antenna system comprising a plurality of antenna elements is provided. The method comprises the steps of: providing a list of codes, wherein each code is embedded in signals transmitted by a respective transmitting entity, and identifies the transmitted signal as originating from said transmitting entity; selecting a transmitter and identifying a corresponding code for that transmitter; and for each antenna element: receiving a first communications signal; receiving a second signal representative of first communications signals received by each of the plurality of antenna elements; correlating the first and second signals with the identified code to generate first and second output signals; comparing the first and second output signals and determining a phase shift and/or time delay for minimizing the difference between the first and second output signals; and applying the phase shift and/or time delay to the first received communication signal.

The data decoding apparatus includes a communication unit receiving a bit signal with encoded data; a first operation unit performing a bit shift on the bit signal by a first length corresponding to a length of a spreading code used to encode the data to generate a first operation stream; a second operation unit generating a second operation stream from which the spreading code is removed using the bit signal and the first operation stream; a third operation unit performing a bit shift on the second operation stream by a second length to generate a third operation stream; a fourth operation unit generating a fourth operation stream from which the data is removed using the second operation stream and the third operation stream; and a polynomial generator generating a generator polynomial capable of decoding the data encoded using the fourth operation stream.

This application provides a physical broadcast channel sending/receiving method and an apparatus. In the method, after receiving two broadcast channel signals on two corresponding physical broadcast channels at two time-frequency resource locations, the terminal device determines that information other than an offset of a corresponding time-frequency resource location is the same in two pieces of broadcast information carried in the two broadcast channel signals, obtains a time offset difference between the foregoing two time-frequency resource locations, and generates a scrambling sequence based on the time offset difference; and the terminal device separately descrambles the two broadcast channel signals based on the scrambling sequence and a preset scrambling sequence, thereby implementing joint decoding on the two broadcast channel signals, to obtain one piece of broadcast information.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may determine, when using resource spread multiple access with non-orthogonal multiple access, that a particular modulation scheme is enabled. The user equipment may process symbols using a set of processing sequences selected based at least in part on the particular modulation scheme such that the particular modulation scheme is preserved for the symbols. The user equipment may transmit the symbols based at least in part on processing the symbols using the set of processing sequences. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Disclosed are systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media for improved data transmissions using puncturing and binary sequences. A receiving device receives a sequenced data input that includes a set of individual values and performs a puncturing of the sequenced data input, yielding a punctured sequenced data input. The receiving device calculates correlation values for the punctured sequence data input and a set of predetermined data outputs. The receiving device determines whether any of the resulting correlation values exceeds a threshold correlation value. In response to determining that the correlation value calculated based on one of the predetermined data outputs exceeds the threshold correlation value, the receiving device determines that the sequenced data input corresponds to the predetermined data output.