A method of operating a radio receiver arranged to receive a plurality of data symbols transmitted on one of a predetermined set of frequencies. The method comprises receiving a first set of data symbols at a first transmission frequency. The first set of data symbols comprises a message indicating a first frequency sub-set. A synthesiser is calibrated for the one or more frequencies in the first frequency sub-set. A second set of data symbols transmitted on at least one of said one or more frequencies from the first sub-set is received. It is determined from the second set of data symbols whether a network quality metric exceeds a threshold. The synthesiser is calibrated for one or more frequencies in a second frequency sub-set when the network quality metric exceeds the threshold. The second sub-set comprises frequencies that are not in the first sub-set.

Aspects presented herein may enable a UE to determine whether phase continuity is to be maintained for one or more uplink transmissions when the UE is configured with a frequency-hopping with zero frequency offset. In one aspect, a UE receives, from a network entity, an indication of frequency hopping with zero frequency offset. The UE determines whether phase continuity is to be applied to UL transmissions based on the indication of the frequency hopping with zero frequency offset. The UE transmits, to the network entity, at least one uplink channel with no phase continuity based on the determination to not apply phase continuity to the UL transmissions.

A method of operating a radio receiver arranged to receive a plurality of data symbols transmitted on one of a predetermined set of frequencies. The method comprises receiving a first set of data symbols at a first transmission frequency. The first set of data symbols comprises a message indicating a first frequency sub-set. A synthesiser is calibrated for the one or more frequencies in the first frequency sub-set. A second set of data symbols transmitted on at least one of said one or more frequencies from the first sub-set is received. It is determined from the second set of data symbols whether a network quality metric exceeds a threshold. The synthesiser is calibrated for one or more frequencies in a second frequency sub-set when the network quality metric exceeds the threshold. The second sub-set comprises frequencies that are not in the first sub-set.

In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. In one example, the apparatus may be a base station. In certain configurations, the apparatus may transmit information indicating a narrowband frequency hopping pattern to at least one UE. In certain aspects, the narrowband frequency hopping pattern may correspond to a plurality of frames. In certain other aspects, the plurality of frames may include at least one non-anchor channel and being associated with a plurality of anchor channels. The apparatus may communicate with the at least one UE using the narrowband frequency hopping pattern, including concurrently transmitting a discovery reference signal (DRS) in each of the plurality of anchor channels at a start of each hopping frame. In certain aspects, communication on the plurality of anchor channels may occur during the same frames.

A communication system may include a radio frequency (RF) detector and an RF transmitter having a selectable hopping rate and a selectable hopping frequency window. A controller may be configured to operate the RF transmitter at a selected hopping rate and at a selected hopping frequency window based upon the RF detector.

Techniques providing opportunistic frequency switching for frame based equipment (FBE), such as may be configured to minimize opportunistic frequency switching delay in FBE new radio (NR) unlicensed (NR-U) networks and/or to provide frequency diversity FBE access based on offset sequences of medium sensing occasions for the carrier frequencies are disclosed. Within the FBE mode network, a base station may configure a pattern of sensing locations in each frame for each frequency transmission unit of the plurality of frequency transmission units, wherein an inter-unit delay of sensing locations between a first frequency transmission unit and a next adjacent frequency transmission unit and between a last frequency transmission unit and the first frequency transmission unit is a fixed duration. Opportunistic frequency switching of embodiments may utilize the medium sensing locations for opportunistically switching between a sequence of the frequency transmission units for implementing frequency diversity FBE access.

Systems and methods for reprogramming a Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) having a SINCGARS frequency-hopping waveform with a fixed retuning period operable in a network of SINCGARS. A system includes a controller programmed with a modified frequency-hopping waveform having one or more retuning periods, each of the one or more retuning periods being shorter in duration than the fixed retuning period of the conventional SINCGARS waveform, the modified frequency-hopping waveform compatible with each of the SINCGARS in the network. An interface is provided for programming each of the devices with the modified waveform.

Systems and methods for reprogramming a Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) having a SINCGARS frequency-hopping waveform with a fixed retuning period operable in a network of SINCGARS. A system includes a controller programmed with a modified frequency-hopping waveform having one or more retuning periods, each of the one or more retuning periods being shorter in duration than the fixed retuning period of the conventional SINCGARS waveform, the modified frequency-hopping waveform compatible with each of the SINCGARS in the network. An interface is provided for programming each of the devices with the modified waveform.

In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. In one example, the apparatus may be a base station. In certain configurations, the apparatus may transmit information indicating a narrowband frequency hopping pattern to at least one UE. In certain aspects, the narrowband frequency hopping pattern may correspond to a plurality of frames. In certain other aspects, the plurality of frames may include at least one non-anchor channel and being associated with a plurality of anchor channels. The apparatus may communicate with the at least one UE using the narrowband frequency hopping pattern, including concurrently transmitting a discovery reference signal (DRS) in each of the plurality of anchor channels at a start of each hopping frame. In certain aspects, communication on the plurality of anchor channels may occur during the same frames.

Systems and methods for reprogramming a Single Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS) having a SINCGARS frequency-hopping waveform with a fixed retuning period operable in a network of SINCGARS. A system includes a controller programmed with a modified frequency-hopping waveform having one or more retuning periods, each of the one or more retuning periods being shorter in duration than the fixed retuning period of the conventional SINCGARS waveform, the modified frequency-hopping waveform compatible with each of the SINCGARS in the network. An interface is provided for programming each of the devices with the modified waveform.