A base station may configure a user equipment (UE) to perform sounding reference signal (SRS) transmissions using an SRS resource set. The SRS resource set may be configured for two or more functions, e.g., functions such as codebook-based SRS transmission, non-codebook-based SRS transmission, antenna port switching, beam management, etc. By enabling the use of such dual function (or multi-function) SRS resource sets, the average data rate associated with configuration transmissions to the UE may be reduced.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Generally, the described techniques provide for limiting a number of active beams available for communications between a user equipment (UE) and a base station (e.g., to limit the complexity at the UE). In one example, transmission configuration indication (TCI) states may correspond to active beams available for downlink reception that are identified based on configured quasi co-location (QCL) relationships and active QCL assumptions (i.e., the TCI states may include configured QCL relationships and QCL assumptions). Because the TCI states may include configured QCL relationships and active QCL assumptions, the number of active beams available for communications between a UE and a base station may be limited by the number of active TCI states (e.g., where the number of active TCI states may be determined based on a UE capability).

An apparatus includes multiple signal paths for signal transmission, and control circuitry. The multiple signal paths include a first signal path and a second signal path. The first signal path is configured to convert a digital baseband signal to a first radio frequency (RF) signal having a first frequency and a first gain. The second signal path is configured to convert a digital baseband signal to a second RF signal having a second frequency and a second gain, wherein the second gain is less than the first gain. The control circuitry is coupled to the plurality of signal paths and is configured to receive one or more control signals to enable selective activation of at least one signal path of the plurality of signal paths.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may select a set of terminals of a Butler matrix to use for transmitting or receiving one or more communications via one or more streams associated with one or more beams; and transmit or receive, using hybrid beamforming, the one or more streams via a set of antenna elements coupled to the Butler matrix. Numerous other aspects are provided.

A UE may be configured to communicate using one of analog beamforming or hybrid beamforming. The UE may receive a set of beamformed signals from a base station. The UE may determine a set of angular spread values associated with a set of clusters in a channel between the base station and the UE based on the set of beamformed signals received from the base station. The UE may transmit the set of angular spread values to the base station. The UE may receive, from the base station based on the set of angular spread values, a set of transmission ranks associated with at least one cluster of the set of clusters. The UE may communicate at least one data stream with the base station across the at least one cluster using the set of transmission ranks associated with the at least one cluster of the set of clusters.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive control information indicating a resource allocation pattern for a downlink transmission that is configured for transmission using a plurality of beams and a plurality of mini-slots, where a duration of a mini-slot is less than a duration of a slot. The UE may identify a start time of a first mini-slot of the plurality of mini-slots and a length of the first mini-slot based on the resource allocation pattern, and receive the downlink transmission based on the start time of the first mini-slot and the length of the first mini-slot.

An apparatus and a method of wireless communication are provided. The method by a user equipment (UE) includes performing, by the UE, one or more of generating a beam failure recovery (BFR) medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) and triggering a scheduling request (SR) for BFR if the UE determines that at least one BFR has been triggered and not cancelled. This can solve issues in the prior art, provide MAC CE and/or SR transmission for BFR, provide a good communication performance, and/or provide high reliability.

Beamforming communication systems with modular front-ends are provided herein. In certain embodiments, a beamforming communication system includes an antenna array partitioned into a plurality of sub-arrays, and a plurality of front-end modules each operatively associated with one of the sub-arrays. Each of the front-end modules includes at least two radio frequency (RF) transmit channels and at least two RF receive channels. Thus, the signals transmitted and received on the antenna array are processed using a multiple front-end modules servicing sub-arrays.

A radio frequency receiver comprises a set of antennas for receiving an RF signal over a communication channel represented by a channel matrix H.sub.d, a plurality of analog beamformer for generating plurality of analog beams, wherein each analog beam former is coupled to a subset of antennas comprising a fewer number antennas in the set of antennas, a mixer for combining the plurality of analog beams to provide a down converted signal, and a digital beam former for generating a plurality of digital beams, wherein a set of analog weights (F.sub.R) of the plurality of analog beamformer and a set of digital weights (F.sub.B) of the digital beamformer are selected such that effective beam formed by their product F.sub.B F.sub.R is orthogonal and spans the same space as columns of the channel matrix H.sub.d.

A beam allocation method and apparatus, relating to the field of communications. The method includes: determining a first network device set, where the first network device set includes to-be-scheduled first network devices; allocating transceivers in a second network device to n first network devices in the first network device set, where n≥2; and respectively allocating n beams in different directions simultaneously generated by the transceiver to the n first network devices, where the n first network devices occupy different subbands in a frequency band corresponding to the beams. In this application, coverage of a beam during an instance during scheduling may be expanded. In addition, users may simultaneously transmit data, and there is no waiting latency.