A system and method for providing communication in a distributed LMR system architecture is provided herein, wherein the system includes a plurality of LMR subsystems interconnected by a data network. In some embodiments, a subsystem may include a distributed simulcast architecture comprising a plurality of LMR sites, each site having a subsystem controller and a plurality of repeaters. In one embodiment, one subsystem controller operates in an active mode and the remaining subsystem controllers operate in standby to provide redundancy. The repeaters include integrated voter comparator and simulcast controller functionality and circuitry. In some embodiments, the repeaters are operable in an active or standby mode, wherein repeaters in the active mode perform voter comparator and simulcast controller functionality. The distributed simulcast architecture provides simulcast controller and voter comparator redundancy, network failure redundancy, and site redundancy.

Embodiments of this disclosure provide a relay selection method and apparatus and a system. The method includes: relay equipment broadcasts relay discovery information, the relay discovery information including identifier information (a relay UE ID) of the relay equipment and identifier information (a cell ID) of a serving cell of the relay equipment, so that remote terminal receiving the relay discovery information selects relay equipment according to the relay discovery information or transmits relay information of discovered relay equipment to an eNB, thus the eNB may select relay equipment for the remote terminal. With the embodiments of this disclosure, the serving cell may learn a cell where a relay to which the terminal accesses is located, so as to perform configuration for the terminal or perform path switching of downlink data.

Radio frequency signal boosters are provided herein. In certain embodiments, a signal booster system includes a signal booster that is proximately located to an outdoor base station antenna. Implementing the signal booster system in this manner can provide a number of advantages relative to a configuration in which the signal booster is far from a base station antenna. For example, a long cable connected from an indoor signal booster to an outdoor base station antenna can be several meters long, resulting in significant cable loss that degrades transmit power and/or receiver sensitivity.

A method performed by STA may comprise receiving, from a first AP, a first beacon frame comprising a first relay information element including a first field that indicates whether a root AP BSSID field is included in the first relay information element, determining that a first root AP BSSID field is included in the first relay information element and determining that the first AP is a relay AP of a root AP identified by the first root AP BSSID field. The method may further comprise receiving, from a second AP, a second beacon frame comprising a second relay information element including a second field that indicates whether a root AP BSSID is included in the second relay information element and determining that a root AP BSSID field is not included in the second information element and determining that the second AP is a root AP.

Techniques described herein are directed to improving the positioning of a target user equipment (UE) using an enhanced repeater disposed in a wireless network. In some embodiments, the enhanced repeater may include logically distinct user equipment (UE) functionality and distributed unit (DU) functionality. The UE functionality may enable setup with other entities of the network, e.g., an upstream location management function (LMF), such that the enhanced repeater is recognized as capable of positioning. The DU functionality may enable generation of downlink positioning signals (e.g., DL-PRS) at the enhanced repeater so as to obviate relaying of DL-PRS generated elsewhere in the network. The enhanced repeater may perform uplink measurements based on uplink positioning signals receive from the target UE, and report the uplink measurements to the LMF, enabling the L1VIF to calculate the position of the UE with fewer errors than if the uplink positioning signals were simply relayed.

Methods, systems, and devices for relay path selection in wireless communications are described, where multiple relay paths are available between a source and a destination. A first node (e.g., a source node or destination node) may determine reference signal resources for a set of reference signals to be transmitted between the first node and a second node through a corresponding relay path of a set of relay paths. The first node may receive the set of reference signals measure one or more parameters for each reference signal. Alternatively, the first node may transmit the set of reference signals and receive an indication of one or more measured parameters from the second node. The first node may determine a set of end-to-end metrics for the set of relay paths, and select a relay path for communications with the second node based on the set of end-to-end metrics.

Disclosed are passive reflector radio communications systems, such as for UHF frequencies or greater than UHF frequencies, and related deployment systems and devices that provide underground communications. Embodiments of the system include reflector elements to provide passive radio communications, structural frameworks to support and orient the reflector elements, methods for calculating reflector size, shape, and position corresponding to a desired wavelength, and deployment methods and devices to install the communication system at a desired location. The passive reflectors can be placed in a folded or otherwise compact mode, for transport into underground tunnels. Once at the desired installation location, the system can be installed, with the reflectors positioned appropriately for the radio frequencies used at the location. Some of the embodiments include any of vertical or horizontal foldable reflector poles, reflective sheets, reflective mesh sheets and/or ropes, inflatable reflective pucks, and rapid deployment systems and methods.

WLAN access point configured to: configure a first wireless extender device not to exceed a hop limit; cause the first wireless extender device to initiate messaging with a root APD via a root fronthaul BSS to receive credentials for a backhaul BSS; cause the first wireless extender device to onboard onto the root APD via the backhaul BSS using the received credentials; enable a second wireless extender device to initiate messaging via the first fronthaul BSS of the first wireless extender device to obtain the credentials for the backhaul BSS; and prevent, in a case that the hop limit has been reached, the second wireless extender device from onboarding onto the backhaul BSS of the first wireless extender device so as to cause the second wireless extender device to onboard onto either the root APD or another wireless extender device.

An origination device transmits a “received data signal” to a signal forwarding device. The “received data signal” comprises a first set of data. The origination device also transmits at least one “received control signal” to the signal forwarding device and to a destination device. The at least one “received control signal” comprises a first set of control information and a second set of control information. The first and second sets of control information are both associated with the first set of data. The first set of control information contains instructions pertaining to the signal forwarding device processing the first set of data. The second set of control information contains instructions pertaining to the destination device processing the first set of data. The signal forwarding device transmits a “forwarded signal” to the destination device. The “forwarded signal” contains forwarded data, based on the first set of data.

Cellular communications, such as 5G cellular, may be a primary link between cell phones and a base station. Such cellular communications may be desirable, due to a high link rate. When the cellular communications are denied, a tactical waveform may be used to bridge communications between the cell phones and the base station. The tactical waveform may be transmitted between tactical radios coupled with the cell phones. The tactical radios may include an application layer coupled with an application layer of the cell phone, such that an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) of the cell phone may remain unchanged.