A satellite communication system includes a first satellite in a geostationary orbit and a plurality of second satellites. Each of the second satellites is in a separate orbit with time-dependent projection on ground. The first satellite is adapted to communicate with one or more user terminals and to communicate with each of the plurality of second satellites via a respective inter-satellite communication link. Further, each of the second satellites is adapted to communicate with one or more feeder link stations. Also disclosed is a method of communicating in a satellite communication system.

A framework for a 6.sup.th generation (6G) ubiquitous wireless communications network is provided. A system comprises: a memory that stores executable instructions; and a processor, coupled to the memory, that facilitates execution of the executable instructions to perform operations. The operations comprise: obtaining first information associated with a first condition of a terrestrial radio network of terrestrial radio networks from a terrestrial controller that collects the first information from the terrestrial radio networks; determining second information associated with a resource of a satellite network, wherein the satellite network is integrated with the terrestrial radio networks to form an integrated network to which a mobile device connects, wherein a defined application is alternatively executable at the mobile device via any of a group of networks, the group comprising the satellite network and the terrestrial radio networks; and determining whether to re-assign the defined application from the terrestrial radio network to the satellite network based on a result of evaluating at least the first condition.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) message associated with a random access channel (RACH) procedure to a non-terrestrial network node. The UE may monitor a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for a contention resolution message associated with the RACH procedure during a contention resolution window. In some aspects, the UE may start to monitor the PDCCH a variable time period after the PUSCH message is transmitted. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Aspects relate to delay management techniques to handle delays introduced by high latency links in non-terrestrial networks for non-access stratum (NAS) mobility management and session management procedures. The NAS timers within the user equipment (UE) and core network utilized for mobility management and session management procedures may be configured with different durations, such as a normal duration, an extended duration, or a reduced duration, based on whether the UE is connected to a terrestrial or non-terrestrial radio access network (RAN), one or more capabilities of the UE, and/or the various RAN types (e.g., terrestrial or non-terrestrial) within a registration area that the UE is located in.

An aggregated communication network includes one or more communication networks and a plurality of network nodes arranged in a plurality of hierarchical layers, the network nodes including a central node at a highest layer and a remaining network nodes being arranged, as part of the one or more communication networks, in layers below the highest layer, with one or more spatially distributed network nodes at each layer below the highest layer. The network nodes in each communication network are interconnected in a tree-like structure via communication links, with respective sub-branches extending from the network nodes via network nodes in lower layers. The one or more communication networks are connected to the central node in a star-like structure via respective communication links between the central node and respective network nodes in a next-to-highest layer. The communication links between network nodes in a lowest layer.

A method of scheduling and managing key data in a satellite quantum key distribution system comprising a constellation of one or more satellites and a plurality of user ground stations. The method comprises: using a satellite of the constellation of satellites to deliver key data to a user ground station using a quantum communication link; at the user ground station, storing the delivered key data and reporting the amount of delivered key data; using the satellite to deliver key data to at least one other user ground station requiring common encryption keys with the user ground station using a respective quantum communication link; at each other user ground station, storing the delivered key data and reporting the amount of delivered key data; based upon the reports, determining an amount of the delivered key data which is commonly stored at all of the user ground station and the at least one other user ground station; and instructing the user ground station and the at least one other user ground station to release the commonly stored delivered key data

Methods, apparatuses, computer-readable mediums for storing software, and systems for dynamic geographical spectrum sharing (DGSS) by Earth exploration satellite services (EESS) are described herein. Using DGSS mechanisms described herein, electromagnetic spectrum may be shared by sensors onboard Earth exploration satellites and wireless networks, such as 5G networks. The DGSS mechanisms may include mechanisms for determining an instantaneous field of view (IFOV) and mechanisms for modifying transmission characteristics while network antennas and power radiated by such antennas are within a window encompassing the IFOV. For example, when the IFOV of a satellite sensor for measuring atmospheric water includes a 5G antenna, the power of the 5G antenna may be reduced, the 5G antenna may be prevented from utilizing a segment of the electromagnetic spectrum, etc. The DGSS mechanisms may also determine actual out of band emissions for a specific pixel associated with the IFOV and improve pixel location determinations.

Technologies directed to scheduling transmissions between a satellite system and customer terminals (CTs) with half-duplex (HD) radios are described. A communication system includes a radio, a modem with a HD controller, a downlink (DL) scheduler, and an uplink (UL) scheduler. The HD controller determines a first set of HD CTs that are eligible DL transmissions for a first radio frame and a second set of HD CTs that are eligible for UL transmissions for a second radio frame. The HD controller determines a throughput value and buffer information about each of the first set and the second set of HD CTs. The HD controller determines a first subset of HD CTs for DL scheduling and a second subset of HD CTs for UL scheduling. The DL scheduler schedules radio resources for a first radio frame and the UL scheduler schedules radio resources for a second radio frame.

Disclosed are a transmission delay indication method and device. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device determines a common transmission delay of at least one cell, and sends the common transmission delay to a terminal in the at least one cell. The common transmission delay is used for the terminal in the at least one cell to determine a transmission timing sequence with a network side.

This application provides example network resource configuration methods and apparatuses. One example method includes receiving configuration information from a network device, where the configuration information includes information of a first threshold corresponding to at least one candidate cell, and the first threshold includes at least one of a Doppler frequency shift threshold, a timing advance TA rate threshold, or a Doppler frequency shift change rate threshold. A target cell is determined from the at least one candidate cell based on the configuration information. A handover to the target cell is initiated.