Lightweight inter-satellite handover device and method for a mega LEO satellite network are provided. An attribute extraction sub-module extracts attributes of handover users in a user information storage unit. Based on the attributes of the handover users, a cluster sub-module clusters the handover users into user clusters. A decision set generator sub-module generates target satellite sets of the user clusters, determines each target satellite of the target satellite sets of the user clusters of each LEO satellite whether belongs to LEO satellites in a management domain of a handover decision point of managing the LEO satellite based on management domain information in a LEO satellite information storage unit, and if YES, performing inter-satellite handover by a centralized decision unit, otherwise performing inter-satellite handover by a distributed decision unit. Therefore, lightweight inter-satellite handover is achieved, cost of handover decision is reduced, and resource utilization of LEO satellite is increased.

Lightweight inter-satellite handover device and method for a mega LEO satellite network are provided. An attribute extraction sub-module extracts attributes of handover users in a user information storage unit. Based on the attributes of the handover users, a cluster sub-module clusters the handover users into user clusters. A decision set generator sub-module generates target satellite sets of the user clusters, determines each target satellite of the target satellite sets of the user clusters of each LEO satellite whether belongs to LEO satellites in a management domain of a handover decision point of managing the LEO satellite based on management domain information in a LEO satellite information storage unit, and if YES, performing inter-satellite handover by a centralized decision unit, otherwise performing inter-satellite handover by a distributed decision unit. Therefore, lightweight inter-satellite handover is achieved, cost of handover decision is reduced, and resource utilization of LEO satellite is increased.

A user terminal (UT) for a mobile satellite communications system, and an associated method for managing tracking areas for such a UT is provided. When initiating establishment of a radio connection, the UT transmits a connection request message to a satellite gateway (SGW) of the mobile satellite communications system, where the connection request message includes position information identifying a current location of the UT. The UT processes a connection setup message received in response to the connection request message, where the connection setup message includes a first tracking area identifier (TAID) that identifies a one of a plurality of tracking areas that is associated with the current location of the UT. The UT transmits a connection complete message to the SGW, together with an attach request message for a core network of the mobile satellite communications system, which includes the first TAID.

A user terminal (UT) for a mobile satellite communications system, and an associated method for managing tracking areas for such a UT is provided. When initiating establishment of a radio connection, the UT transmits a connection request message to a satellite gateway (SGW) of the mobile satellite communications system, where the connection request message includes position information identifying a current location of the UT. The UT processes a connection setup message received in response to the connection request message, where the connection setup message includes a first tracking area identifier (TAID) that identifies a one of a plurality of tracking areas that is associated with the current location of the UT. The UT transmits a connection complete message to the SGW, together with an attach request message for a core network of the mobile satellite communications system, which includes the first TAID.

A wireless device, receives, from a non-terrestrial network (NTN) node, a geographical zone configuration parameter. The wireless device determines a first zone identity of the wireless device based on the geographical zone configuration parameter and a first geographical location of the wireless device. The wireless device sends, to an access and mobility management function (AMF), a first registration request message indicating the first zone identity. The wireless device sends, to the AMF, a second registration request message indicating a second zone identity.

A wireless device, receives, from a non-terrestrial network (NTN) node, a geographical zone configuration parameter. The wireless device determines a first zone identity of the wireless device based on the geographical zone configuration parameter and a first geographical location of the wireless device. The wireless device sends, to an access and mobility management function (AMF), a first registration request message indicating the first zone identity. The wireless device sends, to the AMF, a second registration request message indicating a second zone identity.

A method for using global positioning system (GPS) repeaters to obfuscate a location of a mobile device operating in an area of a communications network, the communication network including a monitoring system, includes receiving an indication that the mobile device enters the communications network; requesting a GPS location from the mobile device; receiving repeated GPS information from the mobile device; calculating a obfuscated location of the mobile device; mapping the obfuscated location of the mobile device to a table of defined locations to produce an actual mobile device location; and reporting the actual location of the mobile device.

A method for using global positioning system (GPS) repeaters to obfuscate a location of a mobile device operating in an area of a communications network, the communication network including a monitoring system, includes receiving an indication that the mobile device enters the communications network; requesting a GPS location from the mobile device; receiving repeated GPS information from the mobile device; calculating a obfuscated location of the mobile device; mapping the obfuscated location of the mobile device to a table of defined locations to produce an actual mobile device location; and reporting the actual location of the mobile device.

An antenna system for improved satellite communication with a ground-based terminal device includes a first antenna, a feeding point, and a phase modulation unit. The first antenna is on a surface of a back cover of the terminal device, and the first antenna comprises a plurality of radiation units in an array. The feeding point feeds power and signals to the first antenna. The phase modulation unit can adjust the transmission phase of the different radiation units within the first antenna. The present disclosure also provides a wireless terminal.

An antenna system for improved satellite communication with a ground-based terminal device includes a first antenna, a feeding point, and a phase modulation unit. The first antenna is on a surface of a back cover of the terminal device, and the first antenna comprises a plurality of radiation units in an array. The feeding point feeds power and signals to the first antenna. The phase modulation unit can adjust the transmission phase of the different radiation units within the first antenna. The present disclosure also provides a wireless terminal.