A system (e.g., an optical amplifier) comprising gain fibers (e.g., Bismuth-doped optical fiber) for amplifying optical signals. The optical signals have an operating center wavelength (λ0) that is centered between approximately 1260 nanometers (˜1260 nm) and ˜1360 nm (which is in the O-Band). The gain fibers are optically coupled to pump sources, with the number of pump sources being less than or equal to the number of gain fibers. The pump sources are (optionally) shared among the gain fibers, thereby providing more efficient use of resources.

A performance estimation apparatus and method for a nonlinear communication system and an electronic device. The nonlinear communication system is equated with by an equivalent model including an equivalent linear model and an equivalent additive noise model, and the equivalent additive noise outputted by the equivalent additive noise model is mathematically uncorrelated to the signal inputted into the equivalent model. Performances of the nonlinear communication system of different modulation formats at different baud rates may be accurately estimated.

A node (10) includes multiplexing unit (11) that multiplexes a plurality of subcarrier signals for performing optical wavelength multiplexing communication into a wavelength group signal; output unit (12) that outputs the multiplexed wavelength group signal to an optical transmission line; pre-multiplexing level correction unit (13) that corrects a level deviation between the subcarrier signals before the multiplexing based on an optical level of the wavelength group signal in the output unit (12); and post-multiplexing level correction unit (14) that corrects a level deviation of the wavelength group signal after the multiplexing including the corrected subcarrier signals based on the optical level of the wavelength group signal in the output unit (12).

A node (10) includes multiplexing unit (11) that multiplexes a plurality of subcarrier signals for performing optical wavelength multiplexing communication into a wavelength group signal; output unit (12) that outputs the multiplexed wavelength group signal to an optical transmission line; pre-multiplexing level correction unit (13) that corrects a level deviation between the subcarrier signals before the multiplexing based on an optical level of the wavelength group signal in the output unit (12); and post-multiplexing level correction unit (14) that corrects a level deviation of the wavelength group signal after the multiplexing including the corrected subcarrier signals based on the optical level of the wavelength group signal in the output unit (12).

This disclosure describes devices and methods related to multiplexing optical data signals. A method may be disclosed for multiplexing one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise receiving, by a dense wave division multiplexer (DWDM), one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise combining, by the DWDM, the one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise outputting, by the DWDM, the combined one or more optical data signals to one or more wave division multiplexer (WDM). The method may comprise combining, by the one or more WDM, the combined one or more optical data signals and one or more second optical data signals, and outputting an egress optical data signal comprising the combined one or more optical data signals and one or more second optical data signals.

This disclosure describes devices and methods related to multiplexing optical data signals. A method may be disclosed for multiplexing one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise receiving, by a dense wave division multiplexer (DWDM), one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise combining, by the DWDM, the one or more optical data signals. The method may comprise outputting, by the DWDM, the combined one or more optical data signals to one or more wave division multiplexer (WDM). The method may comprise combining, by the one or more WDM, the combined one or more optical data signals and one or more second optical data signals, and outputting an egress optical data signal comprising the combined one or more optical data signals and one or more second optical data signals.

An optical reception device includes: an optical demultiplexer that has an input port and output ports, and configured to demultiplex a wavelength-multiplexed signal light input from the input port into a signal light for each wavelength and output the signal light from each of the output ports; a multi-wavelength light output circuit configured to output a wavelength light for each wavelength included in the wavelength-multiplexed signal light to the input port of the optical demultiplexer; and a processor configured to control the optical demultiplexer and the multi-wavelength light output circuit, wherein the optical demultiplexer includes symmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers that each have a pair of arms of different lengths, and adjustors respectively that adjust optical phases in the asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers, the asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers are connected to each other in a tree-like shape so as to connect the input port and the output ports.

An optical reception device includes: an optical demultiplexer that has an input port and output ports, and configured to demultiplex a wavelength-multiplexed signal light input from the input port into a signal light for each wavelength and output the signal light from each of the output ports; a multi-wavelength light output circuit configured to output a wavelength light for each wavelength included in the wavelength-multiplexed signal light to the input port of the optical demultiplexer; and a processor configured to control the optical demultiplexer and the multi-wavelength light output circuit, wherein the optical demultiplexer includes symmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers that each have a pair of arms of different lengths, and adjustors respectively that adjust optical phases in the asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers, the asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometers are connected to each other in a tree-like shape so as to connect the input port and the output ports.

An optical transmission system is provided. The optical transmission system includes a first board card including a multiplexer/demultiplexer, and an optical amplifier. The multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to receive a plurality of first split optical signals and combine the received plurality of first split optical signals into a first combined optical signal, and the optical amplifier is configured to amplify power of the first combined optical signal.

A light amplification device according to an example aspect of the invention includes a wavelength demultiplexing unit configured to demultiplex the wavelength division multiplexed signal light into a plurality of wavelength bands; a plurality of light amplification media configured to amplify the plurality of pieces of demultiplexed multiplex signal light; a wavelength multiplexing unit configured to multiplex the amplified demultiplexed multiplex signal light; a plurality of excitation energy supply units configured to supply excitation energy to each of the plurality of light amplification media; and a control unit, wherein the control unit includes a wavelength multiplexing/demultiplexing control unit configured to control the wavelength demultiplexing unit and the wavelength multiplexing unit in such a way that a starting wavelength and a wavelength number become an optimum starting wavelength and an optimum wavelength number when a sum of power consumption of the plurality of excitation energy supply units is minimized.