There is disclosed an antenna circuitry for a radio node, the antenna circuitry being connected or connectable to an antenna arrangement having a plurality of antenna subarrays, the antenna circuitry having a plurality of local oscillators in which each of the local oscillators is connected to at least one of the antenna subarrays. The antenna circuitry is adapted for performing calibration of local oscillators based on calibration signalling transmitted by a transmitting subarray associated to a first local oscillator and received by at least one receiving subarray. The receiving subarray is associated to a second local oscillator different from the first local oscillator. The disclosure also pertains to related devices and methods.

This application discloses an antenna system, including a plurality of antenna groups. Each antenna group includes two antenna array planes and one mounting panel. The two antenna array planes are symmetrically mounted on two planes of the mounting panel. Each antenna array plane includes at least one antenna element. The two antenna array planes in each antenna group work simultaneously. The antenna system includes a plurality of radiation areas, and each radiation area is formed by cooperative radiation of beams from a plurality of antenna array planes in different antenna groups. In this application, more antenna array planes can be deployed in the antenna system. Therefore, overall coverage of the antenna system is improved without additional wind resistance. In addition, each radiation area is formed by cooperative radiation of a plurality of antenna array planes. Therefore, a capacity and a gain of the antenna system are also improved.

An antenna adjustment device, for a user equipment, wherein the user equipment is coupled to at least one antenna to receive or transmit a wireless signal through the antenna adjustment device, the antenna adjustment device comprising: at least one variable impedance unit, coupled to the at least one antenna; and a micro-controller unit, coupled to the at least one variable impedance unit, for performing the following steps: sending a request signal to the user equipment; receiving a plurality of signal quality parameters responded by the user equipment according to the request signal, wherein the plurality of signal quality parameters are related to the wireless signal; and adjusting a current impedance value of the at least one variable impedance unit according to the plurality of signal quality parameters.

A calibration method to find the impedance of a radio frequency front-end (RFFE) is provided. The RFFE includes a feedback end and a tuner. The tuner is set to a first predetermined setting to have a first impedance. An output end of the tuner is set to different calibration settings. The first reflection coefficient sets at the feedback end is obtained. The second impedance from the feedback end of the RFFE to an input end of the tuner is calculated based on the first reflection coefficient. The tuner is set to a second predetermined setting. The second reflection coefficient sets at the feedback end is obtained. The third impedance of the tuner in the second predetermined setting is calculated based on the second impedance from the feedback end of the RFFE to the input end of the tuner and the second reflection coefficient sets.

The present disclosure provides an integrated antenna array with feed and calibration networks. These components are integrated together on a multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB). This integration on the PCB allows the array to be smaller, more cost-effective while achieving the required array performance for 5G NR FR1 mMIMO radios and supporting both single and multi-beam applications. The antenna array utilizes electrically small antennas with high-permittivity dielectrics to minimize both size and mutual coupling effects.

A testing device may receive, from a phase shift matrix (PSM), a signal pattern associated with a plurality of antenna ports of a base station. The testing device may obtain data associated with the signal pattern and may identify, based on the data, a plurality of null directions associated with the signal pattern. The testing device may, for each null direction of the plurality of null directions: identify, based on the data, a measured amplitude associated with the null direction; determine, based on the measured amplitude, an estimated phase associated with the null direction; and determine, based on the measured amplitude and the estimated phase, an estimated in-phase amplitude associated with the null direction. The testing device may thereby determine error correction information associated with the plurality of null directions. The testing device may provide the error correction information, such as to enable calibration of the PSM.

A system, method, and apparatus for adaptive signal equalization in an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operating in a dusty environment. The system comprises a first and a second multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna channel, each orthogonally polarized, for transmitting data over a carrier frequency from the UAV to a target device on the ground. The system includes a dust level sensor configured to measure dust concentration in real time and a signal equalizer device that compensates for dust-induced distortions. The signal equalizer device estimates the impact of dust on the communication link based on the measured dust level, UAV height, and elevation angle, and dynamically adjusts the transmitted signals to eliminate crosstalk between the MIMO antenna channels. The adaptive equalization ensures robust and interference-free communication, maintaining signal integrity despite environmental challenges posed by dust storms or airborne particles.

A first wireless device and a second device may negotiate a configuration of an RF chain calibration process with each other. The configuration of the RF chain calibration process may include a number of calibration rounds. The second wireless device may exchange, in each calibration round in the number of calibration rounds, at least one RS and at least one feedback message with the first wireless device. The second wireless device may identify one or more calibration adjustment parameters for the second wireless device based on the RF chain calibration process. The second wireless device may communicate with another wireless device based on the one or more calibration adjustment parameters.

A computer-implemented method that, when executed by data processing hardware, causes the data processing hardware to perform operations comprising detecting channel sounding between a first low energy communication device and a second low energy communication device, determining a number of antenna paths between two or more antennas coupled to each of the first low energy communication device and the second low energy communication device, configuring a link layer configuration and an interface protocol of the first low energy communication device and the second low energy communication device such that at least one mode-0 step is assigned to each antenna path if the number of antenna paths is greater than three, and executing antenna calibration for a channel sounding procedure at the first low energy communication device and second low energy communication device according to the link layer configuration and the interface protocol.

A hybrid MIMO system comprises N digital transceiver chains and N analog beamformers, each coupled to one of the digital transceiver chains and comprising M analog transmitter (TX) chains and M analog receiver (RX) chains. One of the analog RX chains is an RX reference node and one of the analog TX chains is a TX reference node. A processor is coupled to a calibration transceiver, the transceiver chains, and the beamformers. For each beamformer the processor measures, using the corresponding transceiver chain and the calibration transceiver, TX and RX phase responses and TX and RX magnitude responses of the TX and RX reference nodes, respectively, determines a reciprocity calibration based on a phase difference between the TX and RX phase responses and a magnitude difference between the TX and RX magnitude responses, and applies the reciprocity calibration to stored beam definitions to correct for the phase and magnitude differences.