A method of estimating, for an antenna of a base station, variations in received signal strength at User Equipments, UEs, the method comprising: transmitting, to a plurality of UEs, a reference signal; receiving, as input data: signal strength measurements indicating received reference signal strength of the reference signal from the UEs, and positional information from the UEs; generating model coefficients by processing the input data in a training model; and estimating variations in received signal strength of the received reference signal received at the UEs, the estimated variations corresponding to an electrical tilt change of the antenna, wherein the variations in received signal strength are estimated by: processing, in a prediction model, the generated model coefficients, a Remote Electrical Tilt, RET, increment which defines the electrical tilt change, and the positional information received from the UEs.

Various techniques are provided for receiving, by a base station (BS) from a user equipment (UE), a communication including a feature vector, storing, by the BS, a dataset including one or more feature vectors associated with the UE, communicating, by the BS to a network device, the dataset associated with the UE, receiving, by the BS from the network device, a machine learning (ML) model, the ML model being trained, using the dataset, to detect UE orientation, and communicating, by the BS to the UE, the trained ML model.

A Method and Apparatus for random access procedure is provided. The method includes receiving a system information block (SIB) 1, selecting a normal uplink or a supplementary uplink based on rsrp-ThresholdSSB-SUL, selecting message 3 repetition mode based on a rsrp-Threshold2 of the supplementary uplink if the supplementary uplink is selected, selecting an SSB based on a rsrp-ThresholdSSB in the fourth random access related information if message 3 repetition mode is selected, selecting a preamble group based on a preamble reception target power in a first information element of the fourth random access related information and a first offset in a second information element of the fourth random access related information, determining transmission power of a preamble based on the preamble reception target power and a prach-ConfigurationIndex in the fourth random access related information and transmitting the preamble.

Examples pertaining to a user equipment (UE) performing a cell selection during device collaboration with a wireless device are described. A UE receives a reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement result from the wireless device or from a network node of a wireless network. The RSRP measurement result includes a first list indicating at least one RSRP transmitted from at least one candidate cell to the wireless device. The UE perform a cell selection based on at least one of the first list and a second list. The second list indicates at least one RSRP transmitted from the at least one candidate cell to the apparatus. The UE determines a serving cell from the at last one candidate cell based on the cell selection.

A sensing method, an apparatus, and a network device, and pertains to the technical field of communication. The sensing method of the embodiments of this application includes: sending, by a first network device, a sensing signal; and detecting, by the first network device, an echo of the sensing signal based on a measurement quantity of the sensing signal, and obtaining a measurement value corresponding to the measurement quantity.

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: a receiving section that receives one or more channel state information (CSI) report configurations including a configuration of a reference signal of a serving cell and a configuration of a reference signal of a non-serving cell; and a control section that controls transmission of a CSI report including a reference signal received power in layer 3 (L3-RSRP), based on the one or more CSI report configurations. According to one aspect of the present disclosure, appropriate CSI reporting for a non-serving cell can be performed.

An information reporting method, includes: reporting, by a terminal, first information to a network side device, where the first information is information when the terminal executes a random access small data transmission RA SDT procedure.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive, from a base station, an indication of an air-to-ground (ATG) dedicated random access channel (RACH) configuration. The UE may communicate with the base station based at least in part on the ATG dedicated RACH configuration. Numerous other aspects are described.

A method for determining a reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold is performed by a network device. The method includes: sending configuration information, wherein the configuration information is configured to indicate one or more RSRP threshold-related parameters corresponding to user equipment (UE) of at least one antenna structure; wherein RSRP thresholds corresponding to UEs of different antenna structures in a same frequency range (FR) are different.

An apparatus and system for a receive (RX) beam assumption, and inter-cell radio beam measurements and resource management (RRM) requirements are described. In response to a determination whether or not a frequency range2 (FR2) signal from a neighbor cell is to be measured inside a Synchronization System (SS) ZPhysical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Block Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC) window, a first RX beam from the neighbor cell for a Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) measurement of the FR2 signal and a second RX beam for a Layer 3 RSRP (L3-RSRP) measurement of the FR2 signal are selected. A L1-RSRP of the FR2 signal for the first RX beam and L3-RSRP of the FR2 signal for the second RX beam are measured and feedback provided to a serving cell.