Systems and methods for confirming the presence of a person or asset for a given purpose, and recording this information in a distributed ledger. The distributed ledger records and confirms presence indicia in connection with a transaction said facilitates remote and/or automated signatures. The systems and methods detect the presence of one or more humans and/or computing devices at a specific location at the time of a transaction, and contemporaneously recording information concerning the transaction in a distributed ledger. Presence can be determined using network presence sensing (NPS), other types of sensors, or the combination of NPS with other sensors.

Latency reduction techniques for radio access networks are described. In various embodiments, a reduced transmission time interval (rTTI) may be implemented in order to reduce air interface latency in a radio access network. In some embodiments, an rTTI block may be defined, and some operations may be performed in rTTI block-wise fashion in order to reduce the marginal overhead associated with implementation of the rTTI. In various embodiments in which an rTTI is implemented, DM-RS granularity may be improved by use of techniques that enable data and reference signals to be multiplexed within a same OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, a current transmission time interval (TTI) may be maintained, and latency reduction may be achieved via the use of novel techniques for one or more of code block (CB) segmentation, uplink (UL) resource element (RE) mapping and HARQ cycle timing. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Methods, systems, and devices are described for low latency communications within a wireless communications system. An eNB and/or a UE may be configured to operate within the wireless communications system and may send triggers to initiate communications using a dedicated resource in a wireless communications network that supports transmissions having a first subframe type and a second subframe type, the first subframe type comprising symbols of a first duration and the second subframe type comprising symbols of a second duration that is shorter than the first duration. Communications may be initiated by transmitting a trigger from the UE or eNB using the dedicated resource, and initiating communications following the trigger. The duration of time between the trigger and initiating communications can be significantly shorter than the time to initiate communications using legacy LTE communications.

An optimisation method is presented for the transmission of data along any radio frequency link which can be split into distinct transmission blocks, an example being a beam hopping system. By reordering the packets to be transmitted, it is possible to send packets either at, or nearer to, their optimal modulation and encoding configuration. This will allow for a higher bit to symbol conversion for the majority of packets and hence more data bits can be sent for the same number of symbols.

A base station may receive uplink data identifying uplink performance indicators associated with user equipment connected to the base station, and may receive tuning factors associated with shared channel traffic received by the user equipment and quality of service requirements of the user equipment. The base station may determine a total score associated with utilizing a long duration physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) format for uplink control information based on the uplink data and the tuning factors. The base station may determine that the total score satisfies a threshold score and may switch to the long duration PUCCH format for the uplink control information based on the total score satisfying the threshold score. The base station may perform one or more actions based on switching to the long duration PUCCH format for the uplink control information.

Latency reduction techniques for radio access networks are described. In various embodiments, a reduced transmission time interval (rTTI) may be implemented in order to reduce air interface latency in a radio access network. In some embodiments, an rTTI block may be defined, and some operations may be performed in rTTI block-wise fashion in order to reduce the marginal overhead associated with implementation of the rTTI. In various embodiments in which an rTTI is implemented, DM-RS granularity may be improved by use of techniques that enable data and reference signals to be multiplexed within a same OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, a current transmission time interval (TTI) may be maintained, and latency reduction may be achieved via the use of novel techniques for one or more of code block (CB) segmentation, uplink (UL) resource element (RE) mapping, and HARQ cycle timing. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Wireless communications systems and methods related to decoupling uplink latency using common uplink (UL) burst in Time Division Duplex (TDD) sub-frame structure are disclosed. User equipment (UE) can transmit to a base station a common UL burst in each sub-frame communicated between UE and the base station, wherein the common UL burst comprises at least one of: a physical layer (PHY) acknowledgement (ACK), a scheduling request (SR), a buffer status report (BSR), or a sounding reference signal (SRS). UE can be further configured to transmit scheduled UL payload data in at least one common UL burst of at least one sub-frame communicated between the UE and the base station.

A low latency retimer and a low latency control method are provided; a physical layer module is provided on each of two opposite sides of the retimer; each physical layer module includes at least one set of signal transceiver units including a signal receiving unit and a signal transmitting unit; the signal receiving unit performs a serial-to-parallel conversion on a first high-speed serial signal to generate a parallel signal, and sends the parallel signal to the signal transmitting unit; the signal transmitting unit performs a parallel-to-serial conversion on the parallel signal, to convert the parallel signal to obtain a second high-speed serial signal, and outputs the second high-speed serial signal. Data paths of the retimer form a loopback structure, and the signal transmitting unit and the signal receiving unit are physically adjacent to each other, which solves the problem of signal transmission delay, and avoids high power consumption.

A method comprising: accessing a response mapping defining a set of safety-critical functions associated with a safety-critical latency threshold and a set of safety responses, each safety response corresponding to a safety-critical function; executing a time-synchronization protocol with a transmitting system to calculate a clock reference; accessing a safety message schedule indicating an expected arrival time for each safety message in a series of safety messages based on the clock reference; for each safety message in the series of safety messages, calculating a latency of the safety message based on an arrival time of the safety message and the expected arrival time; and in response to a latency of a current safety message in the series of safety messages exceeding the safety-critical latency threshold, initiating the safety response corresponding to the safety-critical function for each safety-critical function in the set of safety-critical functions.

A method includes: sending, by a first device, a first bit stream to a second device, where the first bit stream is sent over N logical lanes of a physical layer of the first device; sending, by the first device, a first trigger marker group to the second device, where the first trigger marker group is used to indicate that the sending of the first bit stream ends; and sending, by the first device, a second bit stream to the second device in response to the sending of the first trigger marker group, where the second bit stream is sent over P logical lanes of the physical layer of the first device, and both N and P are positive integers.