An apparatus is provided with a first receiver for receiving changing information relating to a plurality of different sets of data such as financial data and a second receiver for receiving said changing information in synchronism with said first receiver means. A data base is provided to store information received by the first receiver and a subscriber profile store stores information associating a subscriber with a group of said different sets of data. The apparatus is arranged to supply, via the mobile telecommunications network, information from the data base for the group of data sets associated in the subscriber profile store with a subscriber when communication with that subscriber is first established and thereafter to supply changing information relating to the group of data sets associated with that subscriber directly to the subscriber from the second receiver.

Various embodiments are directed to gap fill methods and apparatus. In an exchange system a device in the exchange may request a message gap fill when it detects that it may be missing one or more messages. The gap fill message may include a range of message identifiers or message counter values identifying the messages which are being requested by the multicast gap fill message. A message logging system included in the exchange may include a plurality of message logging devices. A multicast gap fill message may specify a set of messages to be provided which is very large. Multiple devices may respond to the requesting device with the responding device providing one, multiple or all the messages. Replies to multicast gap fill request messages are sent in the form of unicast messages from directed to the device which sent the multicast gap fill request message.

A data processing system is provided. A host processing device supports a host transport engine operable to establish a first transport stream over a network with a remote peer. Device hardware comprises a device transport engine. The device transport engine is configured to monitor the first transport stream to determine a state of the first transport stream and in response to an indication from the host processing device perform transport processing of the first transport stream.

A data processing system is provided. A host processing device supports a host transport engine operable to establish a first transport stream over a network with a remote peer. Device hardware comprises a device transport engine. The device transport engine is configured to monitor the first transport stream to determine a state of the first transport stream and in response to an indication from the host processing device perform transport processing of the first transport stream.

A data processing system is provided. A host processing device supports a host transport engine operable to establish a first transport stream over a network with a remote peer. Device hardware comprises a device transport engine. The device transport engine is configured to monitor the first transport stream to determine a state of the first transport stream and in response to an indication from the host processing device perform transport processing of the first transport stream.

Systems and techniques are provided for a resource stabilization in a distributed network. A computing device in a distributed network may check the median value of a transactional resource in relation to a specified external resource. The computing device in the distributed network may compare the median value of the transactional resource to a threshold value for the transactional resource to determine whether the median value of the transactional resource is above the threshold value or below the threshold value. The supply of the transactional resource in the distributed network may be increased in response to determining that the transactional resource is above the threshold value or may be in response to determining that the transactional resource is below the threshold value.

The disclosed embodiments relate to implementation, such as by a message processing system architecture, of a message handling system and/or protocol which mitigates optimistic messaging behavior. As used herein optimistic messaging behavior may at least refer to the transmission, in whole or in part, of a message, or of one or more messages of a sequence thereof, to a receiving system, such as the system implemented by the disclosed embodiments, prior to the sender determining that the message(s) is/are desired, alone or in conjunction with subsequently canceling or otherwise invalidating the message(s) once it has been determined that it is not desired. The disclosed embodiments mitigate such behavior by detecting and taking action with respect to these types of messages to deter optimizing behavior which may or may not be manipulative, while maintaining reliable message handling under increasing processing loads with minimal impact on users being able to send messages to the system.