Methods, systems, and devices for performing replication of multicast control packets by a packet processor of a networking device, rather than a central processor of the networking device, thereby freeing the central processor to perform other tasks. For example, methods of performing replication of multicast control packets may include learning, by a networking device, two or more local routers coupled to ports of the networking device; configuring a packet processor of the networking device for hardware-based replication of multicast control packets based on the learned two or more local routers; receiving a multicast control packet by the networking device; and replicating, by the packet processor of the networking device, the multicast control packet.

In one example, a system comprises a plurality of non-last-hop routers (non-LHRs) of a network, the non-LHRs configured with a multicast distribution tree for a multicast group to transport first multicast packets of a multicast flow toward one or more LHRs, wherein a router of the non-LHR routers is configured to receive unicast packets for an application session associated with the multicast group, encapsulate the unicast packets in a multicast header to generate the first multicast packets for distribution using the multicast distribution tree, and output the first multicast packets; and the one or more LHRs, wherein the one or more LHRs are interested receivers of the multicast group, and wherein the one or more LHRs are configured to receive the first multicast packets of the multicast flow, extract the unicast packets for the application session, and send the unicast packets to one or more clients of the application session.

A user equipment (UE) may receive a quality of service (QoS) flow for a multicast or broadcast service that is secured with a multicast-broadcast key. The UE may transmit a data session establishment request to a service management function (SMF) for the multicast or broadcast service. The UE may receive at least one multicast-broadcast key for the PDU session. The UE may determine a radio bearer (RB) configuration for the multicast or broadcast service. The UE may receive one or more QoS flow packets for the multicast or broadcast service over the RB. The UE may decode the one or more QoS flow packets using the at least one multicast-broadcast key, or a key derived from the at least one multicast-broadcast key. Decoding may include decrypting, verifying the integrity, or a combination thereof.

A wireless audio output device includes a plurality of audio output units, first and second audio output units among the audio output units being set as first and second roles, respectively. The first role is to establish a multicast link with a source device, to receive one or more media packets from the source device on the multicast link, and to perform bidirectional communication with the source device. The second role is to join the multicast link, to receive the one or more media packets from the source device on the multicast link, to perform unidirectional communication with the source device, and to perform unidirectional and/or bidirectional communication with the first role. An extended packet time slot is divided and each of the first role and the second role transmits or receives one or more extended packets during the extended packet time slot.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, systems, apparatuses, and computer program products that enable performing dynamic user group management in a group-based communication system.

In some examples, a method includes receiving, by an egress network device for a network, messages from each of a plurality of ingress network devices for the network, wherein each of the messages specifies a multicast source, a multicast group, and an upstream multicast hop weight value for multicast traffic for the multicast source and the multicast group; selecting, by the egress network device and based on the upstream multicast hop weight values specified by the received messages, one of the plurality of ingress network devices to which to send a multicast join message of a plurality of multicast join messages for the multicast source and multicast group; and sending, by the egress network device, the multicast join message to the selected one of the plurality of ingress network devices.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A communication device, otherwise known as a user equipment (UE) may receive signaling indicating a set of multicast configurations for a set of multicast modes supported by the UE. Each multicast mode of the set of multicast modes may be associated with one or more radio resource control (RRC) states. The UE may determine a multicast configuration of the set of multicast configurations based on an RRC state according to which the UE is operating. The UE may receive, while operating according to the RRC state, multicast data according to the determined multicast configuration.

The present disclosure relates to a communication technique for converging IoT technologies with 5G communication systems for supporting a higher data transfer rate beyond the 4G systems, and a system therefor. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, retail businesses, security and safety-related services, etc.) on the basis of 5G communication technologies and IoT-related technologies. The present invention provides a method for providing an MBS service in a communication system.

A multicast service implementation method and apparatus and a communications device are provided. The multicast service implementation method is applied to a first network function of a communications device and includes: receiving from a terminal a request carrying multicast service information; and executing a unicast session establishment procedure to establish a unicast session connection to the terminal.

Methods, apparatus, and processor-readable storage media for pairing multiple devices into a designated group for a communication session are provided herein. An example computer-implemented method includes processing, via at least a portion of multiple processing devices, information associated with a network in connection with one or more device pairing requests from one or more of the processing devices; implementing, via at least one the multiple processing devices, a pairing algorithm, wherein the pairing algorithm comprises searching for one or more of the processing devices, in accordance with one or more temporal values associated with the at least one processing device and at least one of the one or more device pairing requests corresponding thereto, and one or more pairing parameters; and automatically pairing, via the network and based on the pairing algorithm, the at least one processing device to one or more of the processing devices.