A decoding circuit and a chip are disclosed. The decoding circuit includes, connected in a sequence, a charge/discharge unit, a capacitor and a conversion unit. The charge/discharge unit is able to charge and discharge the capacitor, and a ratio of a total time required to transfer any amount of charge into the capacitor to a total time required to transfer the same amount of charge from the capacitor is a predetermined value. The conversion unit is configured to output a third level when a voltage on the capacitor exceeds a predetermined voltage and to otherwise output a fourth level. This arrangement alleviates the computational burden of an MCU, eliminates any adverse effect of noise in a transmitted signal, allows an extended effective transmission distance when using an HBS protocol and is self-adaptive to signals transmitted at different clock rates, thus solving the problems with the prior art including heavy MCU computational burden, a tradeoff between error correction and transmission distance and insufficient adaptiveness to signals transmitted at different clock rates.

A system, method, and apparatus are provided for handling communications with external communication channel hardware devices by a processor executing event-based programming code to interface a plurality of virtual machines with the external communication channel hardware devices by providing the processor with an event latch for storing hardware events received from the external communication channel hardware devices, with a timer circuit that generates a sequence of timer interrupt signals, and with a masking circuit that masks the hardware events stored in the event latch with an event mask in response to each timer interrupt signal, where each event mask is associated with a different virtual machine running on the processor such that each virtual machine is allowed to communicate only on a masked subset of the hardware events specified by the event mask to ensure freedom from interference between the plurality of virtual machines when communicating with the external communication channel hardware devices.

A transceiver unit for a user station of a serial bus system. The transceiver unit has a first connection for receiving a transmit signal from a communication control unit, a transmitter for transmitting the transmit signal to a bus of the bus system, a receiver for receiving the signal from the bus, the receiver generating a digital receive signal from the signal received from the bus, a second connection for transmitting the digital receive signal to the communication control unit and for receiving an additional signal from the communication control unit, and an operating mode switching block for evaluating the receive signal output by the receiver and a signal received at the second connection by the communication control unit. The operating mode switching block switches the transmitter and/or the receiver into one of at least two different operating modes as a function of a result of the evaluation.

Logic may reduce the latency and increase the confidence in message time series (MTS) intrusion detection systems (IDSs). Logic may capture traffic on an in-vehicle network bus during a first traffic window. Logic may filter the traffic within the first traffic window to determine more than one observation window, wherein the more than observation window comprises at least a first observation window and a second observation window. Logic may evaluate the more than one observation window to determine a first output based on a first observation window and a second output based on a second observation window, the first and second outputs to indicate if an intrusion is detected. Logic may determine, based on a combination of the outputs, that the traffic during the first traffic window comprises an intrusion. Logic may output an indication of the intrusion.

A vehicle data system may include an onboard diagnostic port configured to receive a request for a threshold relating to a vehicle parameter, the threshold indicating a limit in a standard operating range of the vehicle parameter, and a processor configured to receive the request for the threshold, receive vehicle data from at least one vehicle component, and apply a filter to the vehicle data to generate a tuned threshold for the requested threshold based on an initial value and the vehicle data.

A data bus subscriber and a method for processing data, wherein the data bus subscriber can be connected to a local bus, particularly a ring bus, and the data bus subscriber has an input interface, which can be connected to the local bus, for receiving first local bus data, an output interface, which can be connected to the local bus, for transmitting second local bus data, a processing component for synchronous processing of the first local bus data and/or data stored in a memory and for output of at least one control signal, a logic unit, which is adapted in order to modify a quantity of received first local bus data based on the control signal in order to generate the second local bus data to be transmitted, wherein the logic unit is further adapted for synchronous, delayed transmitting of the second local bus data via the output interface.

A communication control device for a subscriber station of a serial bus system. The communication control device has a communication control module for generating a transmitted signal for controlling a communication of the subscriber station with at least one other subscriber station of the bus system, in which bus system at least a first communication phase and a second communication phase are used for exchanging messages between subscriber stations of the bus system, a first terminal for transmitting, in an operating mode of the first communication phase, the transmitted signal to a transmitting/receiving device, a second terminal for receiving, in the operating mode of the first communication phase, a digital received signal from the transmitting/receiving device, and an operating mode switching module for switching the transmission direction of the first and the second terminal in the second communication phase to the same direction for differential signal transmission.

I/O network modules connect field devices to a process control network. Each I/O network module includes a set of electrical connectors for connecting a field device to the module and an I/O channel extending from the set of electrical connectors to a network port. The I/O channel includes a conversion circuit that converts between an I/O signal and network-compatible signals. Each I/O channel connected to the process control network through an I/O network module is associated with its own unique network address. This enables controllers and field devices on the process control network to communicate essentially directly with one another through the network.

A method for erasing stored data from the memory of the network device and requesting data from the memory after completion of the data erasure procedure or accessing the memory of the network device after completion of the data erasure procedure. The method further comprises determining the outcome of the data erasure procedure based on: the results of a comparison between a response received from the network device in reply to the request for data and an expected response which is indicative of a successful erasure of the memory of the network device; or the results of a comparison between any contents of the memory of the network device after completion of the data erasure procedure and expected contents of the memory of the network device after completion of the data erasure procedure which are indicative of a successful erasure of the memory of the network device.

A method for managing image data in a vehicle lighting system that includes a lighting module and a multiplexed bus for transmitting compressed image data to the lighting module. The method includes receiving an instruction to trigger at least one lighting function to be generated by the at least one lighting module. Determining a required data rate level for transmitting the compressed image data over the multiplexed bus. Comparing the determined data rate level with a data rate threshold value of the multiplexed bus. Compressing the image data of the lighting function according to: the first frequency when the determined data rate level is lower than or equal to the data rate threshold value and according to a second frequency selected within the frequency range such that the second frequency is lower than the first frequency when the determined data rate level is greater than the data rate threshold value.