An interfabric link between two separate Fibre Channel fabrics so that devices in one fabric can communicate with devices in another fabric without requiring the merger of the two fabrics. The interfabric switch performs a conversion or a translation of device addresses in each fabric so that they are accessible to the other fabric. This translation is preferably done using a private to public loop address translation. In a first embodiment the external ports of the interfabric switch are configured as E_ports. A series of internal ports in each interfabric switch are joined together forming a series of virtual or logical switches. The virtual switches are then interconnected using private loops. The use of the private loop is enabled by the presence of translation logic which converts fabric addresses to loop addresses and back so that loop and fabric devices can communicate. Because each port can do this translation and the private loop addressing does not include domain or area information, the change in addresses between the fabrics is simplified. In a second embodiment the external ports are configured as NL_ports and the connections between the virtual switches are E_ports. Thus the private to public and public to private translations are done at the external ports rather than the internal ports as in the prior embodiment. The virtual switches in the interfabric switch match domains with their external counterparts so that the virtual switches effectively form their own fabric, connected to the other fabrics by the private loops.

Implementations described herein are directed to satellite transmitters and receivers for applying OFDM-like signaling in broadband satellite transmissions. In such systems, one or more data signals may be shaped and composited into a composite data signal at an OFDM-like transmitter for transmission over a satellite channel. The data signals that are carried over the satellite channel by the composited signal may have their own carrier, and each signal may carry multiple OFDM subcarriers. Further implementations are directed to correcting for distortion in satellite communications systems that utilize OFDM-like signaling. This distortion correction may account for the linear and nonlinear distortion introduced by the high power amplifier of a satellite receiving a composite signal, the linear and nonlinear distortion caused by the interaction of the signals in the composite, the linear and nonlinear distortion caused by the interaction between OFDM subcarriers, and/or the linear and nonlinear distortion caused by inter-carrier interference.

Implementations described herein are directed to satellite transmitters and receivers for applying OFDM-like signaling in broadband satellite transmissions. In such systems, one or more data signals may be shaped and composited into a composite data signal at an OFDM-like transmitter for transmission over a satellite channel. The data signals that are carried over the satellite channel by the composited signal may have their own carrier, and each signal may carry multiple OFDM subcarriers. Further implementations are directed to correcting for distortion in satellite communications systems that utilize OFDM-like signaling. This distortion correction may account for the linear and nonlinear distortion introduced by the high power amplifier of a satellite receiving a composite signal, the linear and nonlinear distortion caused by the interaction of the signals in the composite, the linear and nonlinear distortion caused by the interaction between OFDM subcarriers, and/or the linear and nonlinear distortion caused by inter-carrier interference.

Provided is a collision prevention system of a multi-master including: a plurality of external modules; and an integrated device. The integrated device includes: a plurality of interfaces connected respectively to the plurality of external modules and respectively controlled by corresponding external modules; a plurality of internal modules; a plurality of dedicated buffers connected respectively to the plurality of interfaces and the plurality of internal modules; and a common block connected to the plurality of dedicated buffers and controlled by the plurality of interfaces and the plurality of internal modules. The plurality of dedicated buffers includes a GBU and a plurality of LBUs. The GBU and the plurality of LBUs are connected to two neighboring GBUs and a plurality of LBUs to form a ring communication topology, which transmits ring communication data in one direction. The common block is connected to the ring communication topology through the GBU.

Provided is a collision prevention system of a multi-master including: a plurality of external modules; and an integrated device. The integrated device includes: a plurality of interfaces connected respectively to the plurality of external modules and respectively controlled by corresponding external modules; a plurality of internal modules; a plurality of dedicated buffers connected respectively to the plurality of interfaces and the plurality of internal modules; and a common block connected to the plurality of dedicated buffers and controlled by the plurality of interfaces and the plurality of internal modules. The plurality of dedicated buffers includes a GBU and a plurality of LBUs. The GBU and the plurality of LBUs are connected to two neighboring GBUs and a plurality of LBUs to form a ring communication topology, which transmits ring communication data in one direction. The common block is connected to the ring communication topology through the GBU.

A system for sharing a data handling resource among a plurality of data producers. In some embodiments, the system includes: a data-handling resource, a first data generator, a first data connection, from the first data generator to the data-handling resource, a second data generator, a second data connection, from the second data generator to the first data generator, and a token-forwarding connection between the first data generator and the second data generator. The token-forwarding connection may be configured to transfer a token between the first data generator and the second data generator. The first data generator may be configured: to generate a first data stream, to receive a second data stream from the second data generator through the second data connection, and to send data selected from the first data stream and the second data stream.

Determination of one or more timing (phase) and/or frequency corrections to be made to a local time base of a receiver device to synchronize the local time base with the time of GPS or other highly accurate time base. Timing packets from one or more grandmaster devices whose time bases are substantially the same as that of GPS or the like and/or positioning system signals (e.g., GPS signals) directly from a positioning system are received and manipulated to determine the timing and/or frequency corrections. The corrected time base may be used to assist in acquiring such positioning signals to allow for higher accuracy correction and/or for downstream communication operation. The present utilities are advantageous such as when a sufficient number of channels (e.g., four) from the receiver device to positioning system satellites are unavailable to synchronize the local time base to the GPS or other accurate time base.

Nodes on a token ring are rebalanced from an initial condition to a condition in which the load is optimally distributed based on a specified level of balance. Nodes are treated as electrically charged particles for purposes of the simulation and are assigned simulation values based on proportions between the size of the cluster, the computing power of the nodes, and the specified level of balance. A simulation module performs the rebalancing simulation by assigning the specified values to the particles and outputting, for each corresponding node, a token indicating the particle's final position and the position of the node on the token ring. The tokens are input to a redistribution module, which rebalances the cluster based on the generated tokens.

Nodes on a token ring are rebalanced from an initial condition to a condition in which the load is optimally distributed based on a specified level of balance. Nodes are treated as electrically charged particles for purposes of the simulation and are assigned simulation values based on proportions between the size of the cluster, the computing power of the nodes, and the specified level of balance. A simulation module performs the rebalancing simulation by assigning the specified values to the particles and outputting, for each corresponding node, a token indicating the particle's final position and the position of the node on the token ring. The tokens are input to a redistribution module, which rebalances the cluster based on the generated tokens.

An integrated circuit is described. The integrated circuit comprises an analog-to-digital converter circuit configured to receive an input signal at an input and generate an output signal at an output; and a monitor circuit coupled to the output of the analog-to-digital converter circuit, the monitor circuit configured to receive the output signal and to generate integration coefficients for the analog-to-digital converter circuit; wherein the integration coefficients are dynamically generated based upon signal characteristics of the output signal generated by the analog-to-digital converter circuit. A method of receiving data in an integrated circuit is also described.