An Ethernet Metropolitan Area Network provides connectivity to one or more customer premises to packet-bases services, such as ATM, Frame Relay, or IP while advantageously providing a mechanism for assuring security and regulation of customer traffic. Upon receipt of each customer-generated information frame, an ingress Multi-Service Platform (MSP) tags the frame with a customer descriptor that specifically identifies the recipient customer. In practice, the MSP tags each frame by overwriting the Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) identifier with the routing descriptor. Using the customer descriptor in each frame, a recipient Provider Edge Router (PER) or ATM switch can map the information as appropriate to direct the information to the specific customer. In addition, the customer descriptor may also include Quality of Service (QoS) allowing the recipient Provider Edge Router (PER) or ATM switch to vary the QoS level accordingly.

A bridging apparatus includes an address-table managing unit configured to manage an address table in which devices connected to networks are registered, a presence-check-frame transmission control unit configured to transmit a presence check frame for checking whether a device is connected to a network, and a network transmission-reception control unit configured to call, upon receipt of a response request frame transmitted from a first device connected to a first network toward a second device connected to a second network, the address-table managing unit to register the first device in the address table and check whether the second device is registered in the address table, and when the second device is registered, transmit an acknowledgement to the first device and transfer the response request frame to the second network, whereas when the second device is not registered, instruct the presence-check-frame transmission control unit to transfer the response request frame to the second network.

This switched data transmission system, that may be used in particular in avionics applications, of the type comprising a plurality of electronic devices and equipment units adapted for transmitting discrete messages over a transmission network, and in which each of the equipment units is connected to a network switch, the switches being connected to each other by means of data transmission links so as to form a physical topology of a loop network, each message being associated with information regarding data flow priority in the network comprising of functional priority information, is characterized in that each message is also associated with information regarding topological priority of data flow in the network.

One or more implementations can include methods, systems and computer readable media for multi-threaded multipath processing. In some implementations, the method can include determining that a next hop for a destination includes a first next hop and a second next hop. The method can also include generating a first packet having a first destination address based on a nickname of a remote switch and on an identifier of a first path. The method can further include generating a second packet having a second destination address based on the nickname of the remote switch and on an identifier of a second path.

The present disclosure relates to an electronic device that efficiently configures a network for controlling another electronic device, and the electronic device includes a communication interface; an input interface configured to receive a control command for another electronic device; and a controller configured to control another electronic device in a different manner according to whether connected to the same network as another electronic device.

A method includes a first endpoint that obtains a first packet from a second endpoint, where the first packet includes first indication information indicating that a first link is available. The first link is a link that is between the first endpoint and the second endpoint and that is used to carry the first packet, and the first link belongs to a first routing path between the first endpoint and a destination access device. When a second link is unavailable, the first endpoint generates a second packet, where a payload carried by the second packet is the same as a payload carried by the first packet. The second link is a link between the first endpoint and a next-hop third endpoint on the first routing path, and the second packet includes second indication information indicating that the second link is unavailable.