Detection of the congestion on a link based on an exchange of messages between a sender and a receiver, one sender and several receivers or several senders and one receiver. This equipment is connected to the ends of a transmission channel. One of the items of equipment is designated as the master and the others slaves. These exchanges are aimed at enabling the master to calculate and compare the rate of the data send and the rate of the data received. A divergence in the rates calculated reveals a congestion on the link. All these exchanges are made in the application layer and therefore do not involve the underlying layers.

Detection of the congestion on a link based on an exchange of messages between a sender and a receiver, one sender and several receivers or several senders and one receiver. This equipment is connected to the ends of a transmission channel. One of the items of equipment is designated as the master and the others slaves. These exchanges are aimed at enabling the master to calculate and compare the rate of the data send and the rate of the data received. A divergence in the rates calculated reveals a congestion on the link. All these exchanges are made in the application layer and therefore do not involve the underlying layers.

A system and method for handling a digital electronic flow between a first and second entity in which a flow policy is determined that is to be applied to the flow and the flow is then directed along a path in accordance with the policy. An ID is supplied for each flow and a tag associated with each flow which indicates the policy to be applied to its associated flow. Flows are also associated with one another, with associated flows having associated policies. In particular the flow may be processed or forwarded. The path may include a graph structure and virtual applications.

A system and method for handling a digital electronic flow between a first and second entity in which a flow policy is determined that is to be applied to the flow and the flow is then directed along a path in accordance with the policy. An ID is supplied for each flow and a tag associated with each flow which indicates the policy to be applied to its associated flow. Flows are also associated with one another, with associated flows having associated policies. In particular the flow may be processed or forwarded. The path may include a graph structure and virtual applications.

A method for analyzing traffic in a communications network includes sampling data packets at a plurality of network interconnection points, wherein sampling the data packets includes generating a plurality of sampled packet data in one or more standardized formats, converting the sampled packet data from the one or more standardized formats into a neutral format, and aggregating the sampled packet data in the neutral format from the plurality of network interconnection points. A system includes a communications node operable to sample data packets flowing through and generate sample packet data in a specified format, a collector node operable to convert the sampled packet data into a neutral format, the collector node further operable to map IP addresses of the sampled packet data to corresponding prefixes in a routing table; and an aggregator node operable to aggregate neutrally formatted sampled packet data from a plurality of collector nodes.

A method of operating a network that contains a plurality of nodes is disclosed. The plurality of nodes include a first node and a second node with the first and second nodes being connected via a first path and a second path that are different. The method includes operating the network in first and second modes of operation. In the first mode, traffic between the first and second nodes is transmitted over the first path and not the second path. In the second mode, traffic is transmitted over the first and second paths. The mode of operation is selected based upon a level of traffic between the first and second nodes.

A system for packet-based scheduling for Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) sessions or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) sessions includes: a first bonding module comprising a first scheduling module and at least two access interfaces connected to at least one transport network, wherein the first bonding module is configured to be connected to a user device, wherein a TCP tunnel is configured via each of the access interfaces which terminates at a second bonding module, and wherein the first scheduling module is configured to schedule and distribute data packets via the TCP tunnels towards the second bonding module. The second bonding module comprises a second scheduling module and at least one access interface connected to each of the at least one transport network, wherein the second bonding module is configured to be connected to a server and to schedule and distribute data packets via the TCP tunnels towards the first bonding module.

An active transceiver circuit for transmission of a low bitrate data signal over and reception of a high bitrate data signal from a single ended transmission medium is provided. The active transceiver circuit includes an input port for receiving a low bitrate input data signal, an output port for delivering a high bitrate output data signal, a differential input/output port for launching a low bitrate data signal into the single ended transmission medium and for receiving a high bitrate data signal from the single ended transmission medium, a first and second single ended output driver adapted for each delivering, on their respective output nodes, the shaped low bitrate input data signal, and a high bitrate receiver for receiving the signals at output nodes of the first and second single ended output drivers, and for generating a high bitrate output data signal on the output port.

A policer system on one or more place and/or route blocks. The policer system including a plurality of local physical policers each stored in a plurality of physical memory banks and coupled with a plurality of global policers stored in one or more global banks separate from the physical banks. Thus, each bank of the global policers are able to represent a logical combination of a plurality of the physical banks of physical policers.

Congestion management for data traffic in a virtual domain identifies a congestion source and sends a message to the source to adjust data traffic rates. The source may be a virtual machine hosted by a physical server with one or more virtual servers incorporated. A congestion manager may identify the source and send the message to the source without affecting other data sources hosted by the physical server or the virtual servers. In some embodiments, information about the congestion source may be encapsulated in a packet payload readable only by the congestion source so only the congestion source receives the instruction to adjust the transmission rate.