A baseband data transmission system includes a first sending path and a second sending path that have different performance indicators. A first switching unit selects an output of one of the sending paths based on a type of a to-be-transmitted data packet, and sends the output to a sender. In this way, when there is to-be-transmitted data of a plurality of different types, the output of the appropriate sending path may be selected by using the first switching unit without rebooting the data transmission system or performing link renegotiation, so that hybrid transmission of data packets of a plurality of types in the system is implemented.

An electronic device has a substrate and first and second metallization levels with a resonant circuit. The first metallization level has a first dielectric layer on a side of the substrate, and a first metal layer on the first dielectric layer. The second metallization level has a second dielectric layer on the first dielectric layer and the first metal layer, and a second metal layer on the second dielectric layer. The electronic device includes a first plate in the first metal layer, and a second plate spaced apart from the first plate in the second metal layer to form a capacitor. The electronic device includes a winding in one of the first and second metal layers and coupled to one of the first and second plates in a resonant circuit.

A power conversion system comprising a system controller configured to generate an input signal in response to a system input and a switch controller coupled to the system controller, the switch controller configured to control a power switch. The switch controller comprises a driver interface configured to receive the input signal that indicates whether the power switch should be ON or OFF, the driver interface further configured to transmit one or more current pulses across a galvanic isolation using an inductive coupling. The driver interface further comprises a first local power supply configured to increase an output voltage of the first local power supply when a transmission of current pulses is imminent.

An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: initialising trainable parameters of a transmission system having a transmitter, a channel and a receiver; generating training symbols on the basis of a differentiable distribution function; transmitting modulated training symbols to the receiver over the channel in a training mode; generating a loss function based on the generated training symbols and the modulated training symbols as received at the receiver of the transmission system; and generating updated parameters of the transmission system in order to minimise the loss function.

According to one embodiment, a digital isolator includes a first metal portion, a first insulating portion, a second metal portion, a third metal portion, and a first layer. The first insulating portion is provided on the first metal portion. The second metal portion is provided on the first insulating portion. The third metal portion includes first, second, and third portions. The first portion is provided around the first metal portion in a direction perpendicular to a first direction. The second portion is provided on a portion of the first portion with a first conductive layer interposed. The third portion is provided on the second portion and provided around the second metal portion in the perpendicular direction. The first layer contacts the first conductive layer and an other portion of the first portion and is provided around a bottom portion of the second portion.

A self-oscillating spread spectrum frequency control loop contains a gated voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) which receives a digital signal that can start or stop its oscillation. The VCO generates a spread spectrum carrier by receiving a triangle wave signal from a delaying ramp generator in a loop, its ramp direction controlled by a frequency comparator. The loop generates a spectrum spread as wide as possible above a minimum frequency. RF isolators that utilize low-pass filters in the transmitter and high-pass filters in the receiver, where the F-3 dB cutoff frequencies of both filters vary in a correlated manner, are used to not produce spread spectrum frequencies below the minimum frequency. Die from a given wafer lot, when designed such that the low- and high-pass cutoff frequencies track, can be used to form RF digital isolators whose minimum spread spectrum frequency does not go below the minimum frequency required by that wafer lot.

A digital isolator provided includes a pair of transceiver circuits and a control circuit. Each transceiver circuit includes a transmitter circuit, a receiver circuit, and a DC isolation circuit. When the control circuit controls one of the pair of transceiver circuits to operate in a transmitting mode and the other of the pair of transceiver circuits to operate in a receiving mode, the transmitting circuit of the transceiver circuit operating in the transmitting mode receives a square wave signal to generate a pair of differential square wave signals, the connected DC isolation circuits receive the pair of differential square wave signals to generate a pair of differential coupling signals, and the transceiver circuit operating in the receiving mode uses the pair of differential coupling signals to output the square wave signal through the design of a pair of feedback voltage divider circuits and a differential comparison circuit included therein.

A novel concept for Near Field Communication (NFC) is described herein. In accordance with the embodiments described herein, orthogonal carrier signals are transmitted between NFC transmitter and NFC receiver circuit. In one arrangement, a carrier signal is unmodulated to ensure uninterrupted energy transfer to the receiver circuit. The orthogonal carriers are used to implement full-duplex Near Field Communication.

Various examples are directed to isolated analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuits comprising a first side that is separated from a second side by an isolator. A first ADC positioned on the first side may be configured to convert a first analog input signal to a first side multi-bit digital signal. A digital modulator on the first side may be configured to convert the first side multi-bit digital signal to a first single-bit stream. A first filter positioned on the second side may be configured to receive the first single-bit stream across the first isolator and to generate a first reconstructed multi-bit digital signal using the first single-bit stream.

Methods and apparatus for providing data transfer with a drive coil to transmit information, a receive coil magnetically coupled to the drive coil, and a first magnetoresistive sensor proximate the receive coil to detect information from the receive coil. In embodiments, the drive and receive coils are separated by an isolation material. In embodiments, a signal isolator IC packages includes transmit and receive coils and a magnetic field sensing element coupled to the receive coil.