A coupling module can be used to communicate high speed signals between an optical transceiver and a processing module of an optical communication device, such as an optical line termination (OLT) or an optical network unit (ONU). The coupling module can adjust the common mode voltage level of a differential signal output by the optical transceiver to the common mode voltage level required by the processing module. In addition, the coupling module splits each of the differential output signals from the optical transceiver and passes the split signals to both a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter that are connected in parallel. The outputs of the high-pass filter and the low-pass filter from different paths of the differential signal are cross-coupled and combined to provide a differential signal to the processing module.

A differential transmission line cable includes a notch filter to manage common-mode energy. The cable includes a narrow portion with two adjacent electrical conductors each having a narrow cross-sectional area and spaced at a narrow spacing. The cable also includes a wide portion longitudinally adjacent to the narrow portion. The wide portion includes the two adjacent electrical conductors each having a wide cross-sectional area greater than the narrow cross-sectional area and spaced at a wide spacing greater than the narrow spacing. The wide and narrow cross-sectional areas and spacings are specified so that the differential-mode impedance of the differential transmission line cable is uniform throughout both the narrow and wide portions and so that differences in the common-mode impedances of the narrow and wide portions create a notch filter to manage common-mode energy in the differential transmission line cable.

Implementations provide a receiver circuit that includes: an alternate current (AC)-coupling network to filter an input signal, the AC-coupling network including a first RC filter connected between a first input node and a first common node and a second RC filter connected between a second input node and the first common node; a differential amplifier coupled to the AC-coupling network and configured to receive a filtered input signal from the AC-coupling network and generate an output signal, the differential amplifier including a differential pair of transistors and a common-mode measurement network coupled to source terminals of a first and a second transistors in the differential pair; and a first operational amplifier having an input coupled to output terminal of the common-mode measurement network and an output coupled to the first common node.

A PoDL system that uses a center-tapped transformer, for galvanic isolation of the PHY, has AC-coupling capacitors in series between the transmission wires and the transformer's secondary windings for blocking DC voltages generated by a PSE power supply. The center tap is conventionally connected to ground. As a result, one capacitor sees the full VPSE voltage across it, and the other capacitor sees approximately 0V across it. Since the effective value of a ceramic capacitor significantly reduces with increasing DC bias voltages across it, the effective values of the capacitors will be very different, resulting in unbalanced data paths. This can lead to conversion of common mode noise and corrupt the data. To avoid this, a resistor divider is used to generate VPSE/2, and this voltage is applied to the center tap of the transformer. Therefore, the DC voltage across each capacitor is approximately VPSE/2, so their values remain equal.

A transceiver includes a transmitter modulating a data signal into code information in a modulation section unit and individually supplying a common mode current to a plurality of transmission lines and a receiver detecting the code information according to a voltage level of each of the transmission lines and outputting the data signal.

A coupling module can be used to communicate high speed signals between an optical transceiver and a processing module of an optical communication device, such as an optical line termination (OLT) or an optical network unit (ONU). The coupling module can adjust the common mode voltage level of a differential signal output by the optical transceiver to the common mode voltage level required by the processing module. In addition, the coupling module splits each of the differential output signals from the optical transceiver and passes the split signals to both a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter that are connected in parallel. The outputs of the high-pass filter and the low-pass filter from different paths of the differential signal are cross-coupled and combined to provide a differential signal to the processing module.

Methods and systems are described for receiving a plurality of signals via a plurality of wires of a multi-wire bus, the plurality of signals corresponding to symbols of a codeword of a vector signaling code, generating, using an interconnected resistor network connected to the plurality of wires of the multi-wire bus, a plurality of combinations of the symbols of the codeword of the vector signaling code on a plurality of output nodes, the plurality of output nodes including a plurality of pairs of sub-channel output nodes associated with respective sub-channels of a plurality of sub-channels, and generating a plurality of sub-channel outputs using a plurality of differential transistor pairs, each differential transistor pair of the plurality of differential transistor pairs connected to a respective pair of sub-channel output nodes of the plurality of pairs of sub-channel output nodes.

Embodiments are disclosed for full-rate phase detection for a pulse amplitude modulation N (PAM-N) signal. The example method includes sampling an incoming signal in one or more sampling times. The example method further includes determining that an amplitude associated with a current sampling time is within an upper threshold and a lower threshold for each sampling time of the one or more sampling times. The example method further includes upon determining that the amplitude of the current sampling time is within the upper threshold and the lower threshold, determining an amplitude range associated with an immediately preceding sampling time and an amplitude range associated with an immediately subsequent sampling time. The example method further includes determining a transition status representing one of an upward transition, a downward transition, or no transition with respect to the current sampling time.

Methods, systems, and apparatus to increase common-mode transient immunity in isolation devices is disclosed. An example apparatus includes a current mirror including an input terminal and an output terminal; a transistor including a gate terminal, a first current terminal, and a second current terminal, the gate terminal coupled to a reference voltage terminal, the first current terminal coupled to the input terminal of the current mirror, and the second current terminal coupled to an input node; a buffer including an input terminal and an output terminal, the input terminal of the buffer coupled to the output terminal of the current mirror; and a logic gate including an input terminal and an output terminal, the input terminal of the logic gate coupled to the output terminal of the buffer.

Assemblies, apparatus, devices and methods useful in providing lightning protection of avionic components associated with aircraft antennas are disclosed. Aspects of the present disclosure may be used on aircraft comprising structural elements made from composite materials having a relatively low electrical conductivity. An exemplary assembly disclosed comprises: an antenna secured to a structural element of the aircraft and configured to receive wireless signals and/or transmit wireless signals external to the aircraft; a communication unit operatively connected to the antenna for signal transmission between the antenna and the communication unit; and an isolation transformer electrically disposed between the antenna and the communication unit where signal transmission between the antenna and the communication unit is conducted via the isolation transformer.