In a multi-cloud computing environment comprising a plurality of cloud platforms with each cloud platform comprising one or more nodes, a method maintains at a given one of the nodes in the multi-cloud computing environment a blockchain instance in accordance with a decentralized blockchain network comprised of at least a subset of the nodes in the multi-cloud computing environment wherein each of the subset of nodes locally maintain a blockchain instance. Further, the method maintains at the given one of the nodes a global state database which is locally synchronized with the locally maintained blockchain instance and stores identifying information about nodes in the multi-cloud computing environment, wherein the identifying information comprises information on how to find one or more of the nodes.

A system and method are provided for a first computing node of a blockchain infrastructure to obtain at least one digital file from a second computing node of the blockchain infrastructure. The first computing node obtains a request for the at least one digital file. The first computing node identifies, based on a distributed ledger, the second computing node as a geographically closest computing node to the first computing node that has a copy of the at least one digital file stored locally at the second computing node. In response to the identifying, the first computing node establishes a peer-to-peer connection with the second computing node and receives a copy of the at least one digital file from the second computing node over the peer-to-peer connection.

Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to dynamically control devices based on distributed data are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a comparator to compare a first measurement measured by a first peer device to a second measurement, the second measurement being measured locally by the apparatus; and an operation adjuster to, when the comparison satisfies a threshold, adjust a measurement protocol of the first peer device.

Designating a peer-to-peer (P2P) operating channel between a display apparatus and a portable apparatus connected in a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) direct scheme according to whether the display apparatus and an access point (AP) are connected and whether the portable apparatus and the AP are connected.

This application relates to apparatus and methods for communication with and management of datacenters, such as cloud datacenters employing multiple servers. A control server may identify one or more networks to be searched in a plurality of datacenters. The control server may identify a user request to execute the search for the networks in the plurality of datacenters. Based on the user request, the control server may generate a plurality of requests that request network data from the plurality of datacenters. The control server may transmit the plurality of requests to the plurality of datacenters. The control server may determine if a response to the requests is received. The response may include network data identifying one or more networks a datacenter supports. The control server may determine if the supported networks match the identified networks, and may provide status for display based on the determination.

Controller devices may be configured to execute a network discovery service to identify other devices on a network, including other controller devices, user computing devices, and/or human machine interface devices. The controller devices may communicate with the devices on the network. An individual controller device may, upon connection to a human machine interface device, provide to the human machine interface device via a web server, a graphical user interface from which a user may configure the controller device or connect to another controller device on the network.

A system and method in various embodiments implements a virtual spectrum band stacking technique facilitating spectrum sharing by converting and combining spectrum bands consisting of several different RF channels, common air interfaces, and radio channel protocols in the radio frequency channel domain to form IP Virtual Radio Channels (IP-VRCs) in the packet data domain. This virtual spectrum stacking technique combines the transmissions of contiguous and non-contiguous RF channels with differing physical layers into IP-VRCs. This technique enables simultaneous parallel high-speed wireless transmission; virtual radio channel hopping for enhanced security; and customized security schemes for different IP-VRC Groups. The deployment of the combination of IP-VRC Groups; Universal “Small Cell” Base Stations; and Universal Wireless End-Point Devices allows the aggregation of all available spectrum bands for use within a building environment. Some benefits of this deployment include expansion of spectrum utilization, service quality, security, applications and transmission throughput for wireless end-point devices.

Embodiments of this application disclose a data transmission method and a communication apparatus. The method may be applied to a data transmission or data distribution scenario in a peer-to-peer P2P network. The method includes: A first end node sends delayed transmission information to a second end node, where the delayed transmission information indicates time information at which the first end node delays sending first data to the second end node. When determining that the second end node accepts the delayed transmission information, the first end node delays sending the first data to the second end node, to alleviate a load of the first end node, so that a network congestion problem caused by a large-scale concurrent data request can be resolved.

Embodiments of this application disclose a data transmission method and a communication apparatus. The method may be applied to a data transmission or data distribution scenario in a peer-to-peer P2P network. The method includes: A first end node sends delayed transmission information to a second end node, where the delayed transmission information indicates time information at which the first end node delays sending first data to the second end node. When determining that the second end node accepts the delayed transmission information, the first end node delays sending the first data to the second end node, to alleviate a load of the first end node, so that a network congestion problem caused by a large-scale concurrent data request can be resolved.

An example operation may include one or more of storing a list of unavailable blockchain peers that cannot be a lead peer of a blockchain consensus protocol, generating a pre-prepare message comprising a new block of a blockchain, appending commit messages received during a commit stage of a previous block to the blockchain, to the pre-prepare message, where the commit messages identify an unavailable blockchain peer from the list that is now available, and broadcasting the pre-prepare message with the new block and the appended commit messages to a plurality of blockchain peers.