In an example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, an electronic device comprises a display which comprises a head-mountable display (HMD) comprises a reflective surface coupled to a face plate of the HMD. The HMD comprises a light source to project light toward the reflective surface, wherein the projected light is reflected onto a wearer of the HMD by the reflective surface. The HMD also comprises a camera to capture an image of the wearer as reflected by the projected light from the reflective surface and a processor to identify a gesture of the wearer within the captured image of the wearer.

A camera module including a lighting unit configured to output an incident light signal to be emitted to an object, a lens unit configured to concentrate a reflected light signal reflected from the object, an image sensor unit configured to generate electric signals from the reflected light signal concentrated by the lens unit, a tilting unit configured to shift an optical path of at least one of the incident light signal and the reflected light signal for each image frame in units of subpixels of the image sensor unit, and an image control unit configured to extract depth information of the object using a phase difference between the incident light signal and the reflected light signal. The image control unit includes an image controller configured to extract the depth information having a higher resolution than a plurality of subframes generated using the electric signals on the basis of the subframes.

A camera module including a lighting unit configured to output an incident light signal to be emitted to an object, a lens unit configured to concentrate a reflected light signal reflected from the object, an image sensor unit configured to generate electric signals from the reflected light signal concentrated by the lens unit, a tilting unit configured to shift an optical path of at least one of the incident light signal and the reflected light signal for each image frame in units of subpixels of the image sensor unit, and an image control unit configured to extract depth information of the object using a phase difference between the incident light signal and the reflected light signal. The image control unit includes an image controller configured to extract the depth information having a higher resolution than a plurality of subframes generated using the electric signals on the basis of the subframes.

Techniques are described for passive three-dimensional image sensing based on referential image blurring. For example, a filter mask is integrated with a lens assembly to provide one or more normal imaging bandpass (NIB) regions and one or more reference imaging bandpass (RIB) regions, the regions being optically distinguishable and corresponding to different focal lengths and/or different focal paths. As light rays from a scene object pass through the different regions of the filter mask, a sensor can detect first and second images responsive to those light rays focused through the NIB region and the RIB region, respectively (according to their respective focal lengths and/or respective focal paths). An amount of blurring between the images can be measured and correlated to an object distance for the scene object. Some embodiments project additional reference illumination to enhance blurring detection in the form of reference illumination flooding and/or spotted illumination.

Techniques are described for passive three-dimensional image sensing based on referential image blurring. For example, a filter mask is integrated with a lens assembly to provide one or more normal imaging bandpass (NIB) regions and one or more reference imaging bandpass (RIB) regions, the regions being optically distinguishable and corresponding to different focal lengths and/or different focal paths. As light rays from a scene object pass through the different regions of the filter mask, a sensor can detect first and second images responsive to those light rays focused through the NIB region and the RIB region, respectively (according to their respective focal lengths and/or respective focal paths). An amount of blurring between the images can be measured and correlated to an object distance for the scene object. Some embodiments project additional reference illumination to enhance blurring detection in the form of reference illumination flooding and/or spotted illumination.

Techniques are described for passive three-dimensional image sensing based on referential image blurring. For example, a filter mask is integrated with a lens assembly to provide one or more normal imaging bandpass (NIB) regions and one or more reference imaging bandpass (RIB) regions, the regions being optically distinguishable and corresponding to different focal lengths and/or different focal paths. As light rays from a scene object pass through the different regions of the filter mask, a sensor can detect first and second images responsive to those light rays focused through the NIB region and the RIB region, respectively (according to their respective focal lengths and/or respective focal paths). An amount of blurring between the images can be measured and correlated to an object distance for the scene object. Some embodiments project additional reference illumination to enhance blurring detection in the form of reference illumination flooding and/or spotted illumination.

Techniques are described for passive three-dimensional image sensing based on referential image blurring. For example, a filter mask is integrated with a lens assembly to provide one or more normal imaging bandpass (NIB) regions and one or more reference imaging bandpass (RIB) regions, the regions being optically distinguishable and corresponding to different focal lengths and/or different focal paths. As light rays from a scene object pass through the different regions of the filter mask, a sensor can detect first and second images responsive to those light rays focused through the NIB region and the RIB region, respectively (according to their respective focal lengths and/or respective focal paths). An amount of blurring between the images can be measured and correlated to an object distance for the scene object. Some embodiments project additional reference illumination to enhance blurring detection in the form of reference illumination flooding and/or spotted illumination.

To reduce size and cost of a stereo camera and an onboard lighting unit. A stereo camera includes a first convex hyperboloidal mirror and a second convex hyperboloidal mirror that share a central axis and are vertically disposed with vertexes facing each other, an imaging optical system, and an image sensor. The second convex hyperboloidal mirror is formed of an outer circumferential hyperboloidal mirror and an inner circumferential hyperboloidal mirror that share the central axis with different conic constants, and an absolute value of the conic constant of the inner circumferential hyperboloidal mirror is greater than an absolute value of the conic constant of the outer circumferential hyperboloidal mirror.

To reduce size and cost of a stereo camera and an onboard lighting unit. A stereo camera includes a first convex hyperboloidal mirror and a second convex hyperboloidal mirror that share a central axis and are vertically disposed with vertexes facing each other, an imaging optical system, and an image sensor. The second convex hyperboloidal mirror is formed of an outer circumferential hyperboloidal mirror and an inner circumferential hyperboloidal mirror that share the central axis with different conic constants, and an absolute value of the conic constant of the inner circumferential hyperboloidal mirror is greater than an absolute value of the conic constant of the outer circumferential hyperboloidal mirror.

An optical observation instrument according to the invention, in particular a surgical microscope or exoscope, comprises an optics unit with an objective arrangement and at least one electronic image recorder, wherein the optics unit has a first stereo channel with a first beam path and a second stereo channel with a second beam path for recording a stereo image of an object field with the at least one electronic image recorder and wherein the first and the second beam path extend through the objective arrangement. Further, the observation instrument comprises a retaining apparatus which comprises a retaining bracket, which engages over the optics unit, wherein the retaining bracket comprises an operating device with a number of operating elements for controlling a retaining arm, to which the retaining apparatus is connectable.