The present invention relates to systems and methods suitable for real-time streaming over a decentralized or centralized network. In the decentralized network, the present invention relates to a system and method that utilizes a block-chain distributed network to securely and reliably stream multimedia in real-time. In the centralized network, the present invention utilizes a centralized stream manager to manage nodes within the distributed network to securely and reliably stream multimedia in real-time.

A screen projection method and a device, the method including performing, by a controlling device, at least one of sending, based on a reliability transmission protocol, in response to an image frame that is to be sent being an I frame, a data packet that carries the image frame, sending, based on the reliability transmission protocol, in response to the image frame being a P frame that meets a first preset condition, the data packet that carries the image frame, or sending, based on a non-reliability transmission protocol, in response to the image frame being a P frame that does not meet the first preset condition, the data packet that carries the image frame.

An object of the present disclosure is to distribute content with a high quality and low latency without being limited by a low-rate and unstable network and a low-capacity reception-side edge servers while maintaining sufficient traffic reduction effects.

A content distribution system according to the present disclosure converts part of communication for distribution into multicast communication. In the content distribution system, a transmission-side edge server (UC/MC) generates and transmits a plurality of multicast streams having different transfer rates for the same input content, and a reception-side edge server (MC/UC) selects and receives a multicast stream having a desired transfer rate among the plurality of transmitted multicast streams.

An object of the present disclosure is to distribute content with a high quality and low latency without being limited by a low-rate and unstable network and a low-capacity reception-side edge servers while maintaining sufficient traffic reduction effects.

A content distribution system according to the present disclosure converts part of communication for distribution into multicast communication. In the content distribution system, a transmission-side edge server (UC/MC) generates and transmits a plurality of multicast streams having different transfer rates for the same input content, and a reception-side edge server (MC/UC) selects and receives a multicast stream having a desired transfer rate among the plurality of transmitted multicast streams.

Methods and systems to manage narrowcast bandwidth are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving a channel tune request from a set top box associated with a service group, and determining whether current total bandwidth use by the service group is at or above a first predetermined threshold. The method additionally includes multicasting a high bitrate version of a requested channel to the set top boxes of the service group when the current total bandwidth use by the service group is below the first predetermined threshold. The requested channel corresponds to the received channel tune request. The method further includes multicasting a low bitrate version of the requested channel to the set top boxes of the service group when the current total bandwidth use by the service group is at or above the first predetermined threshold.

Methods and systems to manage narrowcast bandwidth are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving a channel tune request from a set top box associated with a service group, and determining whether current total bandwidth use by the service group is at or above a first predetermined threshold. The method additionally includes multicasting a high bitrate version of a requested channel to the set top boxes of the service group when the current total bandwidth use by the service group is below the first predetermined threshold. The requested channel corresponds to the received channel tune request. The method further includes multicasting a low bitrate version of the requested channel to the set top boxes of the service group when the current total bandwidth use by the service group is at or above the first predetermined threshold.

An apparatus and a method for providing information used for generating and consuming multimedia content in a broadcast system supporting a multimedia service based on an Internet protocol are provided. The method includes composing a message type field containing information indicating on a type of control information contained in the control message, composing a length field containing information on the length of the control message, composing optional fields having different values according to the type of the control information, and composing a payload field containing content of the control information.

An apparatus and a method for providing information used for generating and consuming multimedia content in a broadcast system supporting a multimedia service based on an Internet protocol are provided. The method includes composing a message type field containing information indicating on a type of control information contained in the control message, composing a length field containing information on the length of the control message, composing optional fields having different values according to the type of the control information, and composing a payload field containing content of the control information.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for delivering multimedia content from the cloud to cable operators are disclosed. A device located at the cable headend or implemented in the cloud can receive a request for at least one media stream for playback on a broadcast media channel. Content corresponding to a plurality of multimedia files in the media stream can be obtained from the internet or a cloud based service. The content can be used to generate the multimedia files in a format that is compatible with the cable operator. The multimedia files can be used to assemble the at least one media stream which can be provided to the cable operator for broadcast on the broadcast media channel.

A method for managing time hops when playing back a multimedia content item received by a playback device via a communication network. The method includes obtaining a plurality of broadcast channels for the same content item, the respective broadcast times being spaced in time, wherein, during rendering of the content item via a channel, called first channel, receipt of a time hop command for a time hop in the content item brings about: a step of selecting a second broadcast channel, different from the first broadcast channel; and during a hop, a step of rendering images broadcast on broadcast channels belonging to the plurality of broadcast channels.