An imaging device includes a first substrate including a plurality of first pixels and a plurality of second pixels, a second substrate including a plurality of third pixels and facing the first substrate, and a processing unit. The plurality of third pixels receive light transmitted through the plurality of first pixels. The plurality of first pixels output signals corresponding to a wavelength bandwidth including wavelengths of green light and transmit a wavelength bandwidth including wavelengths of red light. The plurality of second pixels output signals corresponding to a wavelength bandwidth including wavelengths of blue light and not including wavelengths of red light and wavelengths of green light. The plurality of third pixels output signals corresponding to a wavelength bandwidth including wavelengths of red light. The processing unit generates a signal at least from an output of the plurality of first pixels and an output of the plurality of third pixels.

Controlling integral energy of a light pulse in a hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging system is disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes an electromagnetic sensor for sensing energy emitted by the emitter. The system includes a controller configured to synchronize timing of the emitter and the image sensor. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of a hyperspectral emission, a fluorescence emission, or a laser mapping pattern.

The present disclosure is directed to an image sensor including a pixel array of both range pixels and color pixels. Each range pixel (or range pixel area) may be associated with multiple adjacent color pixels, with each side of the range pixel immediately adjacent to at least two color pixels. The association between the range pixels and the color pixels may be dynamically configurable. The readings of a range pixel(s) and the associated color pixels may be integrated together in the generation of a 3D image.

A method for forming an image sensor includes: providing a first device including a visible light receiving portion and an infrared receiving portion; coating a first infrared cutoff filter on the first device; patterning plural photoresists on the first infrared cutoff filter located in the visible light receiving portion to form a second device; etching the second device until a first filter of the first device is exposed to form an infrared cutoff filter and an infrared cutoff filter grid located in the visible light receiving portion, in which the infrared cutoff filter grid is located on the infrared cutoff filter; filling a color filter in the infrared cutoff filter grid and forming a second filter on the first filter; and disposing a spacer layer and a micro-lens layer on the color filter and the second filter sequentially.

In various embodiments, image sensors and methods of making images sensors are disclosed. In an embodiment, an image sensor includes a first pixel region having a pixel electrode, an optically sensitive material of a first thickness, and a counterelectrode. The images sensor also includes a second pixel region comprising a pixel electrode, an optically sensitive material of a second thickness, and a counterelectrode. The first pixel region is configured to detect light in a first spectral band and the second pixel region is configured to detect light in a second spectral band. The first and second spectral bands include an overlapping spectral range. The second spectral band also includes a spectral range that is substantially undetectable by the first pixel region. Other image sensors and methods of making images sensors are also disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a solid state imaging element and an electronic device that make it possible to improve sensitivity to light on a long wavelength side. A solid state imaging element according to a first aspect of the present disclosure has a solid state imaging element in which a large number of pixels are arranged vertically and horizontally, the solid state imaging element includes a periodic concave-convex pattern on a light receiving surface and an opposite surface to the light receiving surface of a light absorbing layer as a light detecting element. The present disclosure can be applied to, for example, a CMOS and the like installed in a sensor that needs a high sensitivity to light belonging to a region on the long wavelength side, such as light in the infrared region.

A method and an electronic device for producing a composite image are provided. The method includes receiving visible image data and near infrared (NIR) image data from a composite sensor, determining whether at least one portion of the NIR image data having a level of detail greater than or equal to a threshold, and generating a composite image by fusing the visible image data with the at least one portion of the NIR image data based on the determination and storing the composite image in a memory.

Driving an emitter to emit pulses of electromagnetic radiation according to a jitter specification in a hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging system is described. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a driver for driving emissions by the emitter according to a jitter specification. The system is h that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of a hyperspectral emission, a fluorescence emission, and/or a laser mapping pattern.

A method of deriving color response characteristics of an image acquisition device, the method including: collecting first training data sets; deriving a first-order color response characteristic of the image acquisition device by performing a matching operation of statistically matching a relationship between device coordinates and colorimetric coordinates of an image acquisition device using the first training data sets; collecting second training data sets corresponding to a spectrum of one or more edge regions of a color gamut of a color matching function representing a sensitivity of a human eye; and deriving a second-order color response characteristic of the image acquisition device by further performing the matching operation using the second training data sets.

Controlling integral energy of a light pulse in a laser mapping imaging system is disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes an electromagnetic sensor for sensing energy emitted by the emitter. The system includes a controller configured to synchronize timing of the emitter and the image sensor. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter is a laser mapping pattern.