An intelligent subsystem includes/couples a radio transceiver, a voice processing module/voice processing algorithm and an intelligent learning algorithm. The intelligent subsystem can respond to a user's interests and/or preferences. Furthermore, the intelligent subsystem is sensor-aware or context-aware.

An L-dimensional optoelectronic switch for transferring an optical signal from an input device to an output device, the optoelectronic switch includes: a plurality of leaf switches, each having a radix R, and arranged in an L-dimensional array, in which each dimension i has a respective size R.sub.i (i=1, 2, . . . , L), each leaf switch having an associated L-tuple of co-ordinates (x.sub.1, . . . , x.sub.L) giving its location with respect to each of the L dimensions; wherein each leaf switch is a member of L sub-arrays, each of the L sub-arrays associated with a different one of the L dimensions, and including: a plurality of R.sub.i leaf switches, whose co-ordinates differ only in respect of the i.sup.th dimension, each leaf switch having C client ports for connecting to an input device or an output device, and F fabric ports for connecting to spine switches; a plurality of S.sub.i spine switches, each having R fabric ports for connecting to the fabric ports of the leaf switches, and wherein, in a given sub-array each leaf switch in the sub-array is connected to each spine switch via an optical active switch.

A communication system, a transmitter, and a communication method. The communication system includes M transmitters, N receivers, and an optical switch network. Both N and M are positive integers greater than 1. The optical switch network includes one or more optical switches. A plurality of optical paths are configured in the optical switch network. When the transmitter communicates with the receiver, the transmitter can determine, from the plurality of optical paths, a target optical path from a source communication node to a destination communication node. After the optical switch network receives a target optical signal sent by the transmitter, the optical switch directly sends the target optical signal to the receiver based on the target optical path.

A data center network system and a signal transmission system, where the signal transmission system includes one hub device, at least two switches, multiple colored optical modules, at least two multiplexers/demultiplexers, and at least two servers. The hub device, the at least two switches, the multiple colored optical modules, the at least two multiplexers/demultiplexers, and the at least two servers form a star network topology structure.

A wavelength routing SW is a large-scale optical switch device of a conventional technique, and it requires as many wavelength-tunable light sources as the number of input ports. For the wavelength-tunable light sources to achieve a stable oscillating operation across a wide wavelength range, a complicated control mechanism is necessary. This has been an obstacle in providing a large-scale optical switch device in terms of cost and circuit scale. A wavelength routing SW in the present disclosure includes N wavelength group generators, a splitting-selection unit, and MN tunable filters. Each wavelength group generator includes M fixed-wavelength light sources. Inexpensive general-purpose devices that require no control mechanism for wavelength tuning can be used as the fixed-wavelength light source. The channel loss in the optical switch device can also be reduced by using light sources with a limited narrow range of tunable wavelengths and the wavelength-dependent output port selecting function of an AWG.

Embodiments of the invention describe apparatuses, optical systems, and methods for utilizing a dynamically reconfigurable optical transmitter. A laser array outputs a plurality of laser signals (which may further be modulated based on electrical signals), each of the plurality of laser signals having a wavelength, wherein the wavelength of each of the plurality of laser signals is tunable based on other electrical signals. An optical router receives the plurality of (modulated) laser signals at input ports and outputs the plurality of received (modulated) laser signals to one or more output ports based on the tuned wavelength of each of the plurality of received laser signals. This reconfigurable transmitter enables dynamic bandwidth allocation for multiple destinations via the tuning of the laser wavelengths.

Provided are a subminiature optical transmission module and a method for manufacturing same. The optical transmission module includes: a mold body having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; multiple edge-type light emitting elements, each of which is molded inside the mold body by fitting same to the first surface so as to match with the first surface and generates an optical signal in the edge direction of a chip; and an optical component disposed on one side thereof so as to optically multiplex multiple optical signals incident from the multiple edge-type light emitting elements and to output same, wherein the identical height is configured between the surface of each light emitting element and the optical axis of the optical component, and the edge direction of the chip is parallel to the first surface of the mold body.

An intelligent subsystem includes a system-on-chip (comprising a microprocessor/graphic processor), a radio transceiver, a voice processing module/voice processing algorithm and an intelligent learning algorithm. The intelligent subscriber subsystem can respond to a user's interests and/or preferences. Furthermore, the intelligent subscriber subsystem is sensor-aware or context-aware.

Various methods, systems, and apparatuses, for optical switching are provided. For example, one wavelength selective switch (WSS) includes a plurality of optical ports wherein one or more optical ports are configured to receive one or more input optical beams the one or more input optical beams having a plurality of wavelength channels and wherein one or more of the optical ports are configured to receive one or more wavelength channels of the plurality of wavelength channels for output. The WSS also includes a polarization conditioning assembly, a polarization beam splitter assembly, a direction dependent polarization rotator, a polarization beam splitter, a grating, and a polarization modulator array having a plurality of polarizing modulation cells, each cell configured to independently change a polarization orientation of an optical beam passing through the cell.

According to one example, the present application discloses an optical circuit comprising a grating to receive input light of mixed polarizations and output light of a same polarization to a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The first waveguide and second waveguide are optically coupled to a plurality of resonators that are coupled to a plurality of gratings that are to output light of mixed polarizations.