The present invention relates to a heating mat, and can provide a heating mat comprising: a surface layer formed from one of PVC, PU and TPU; a carbon heating element formed under the surface layer, emitting far infrared rays and generating heat; a short-circuit prevention layer provided under the carbon heating element; a copper plate provided under the short-circuit prevention layer and uniformly dispersing heat; a first cushion layer provided under the copper plate, and providing a cushiony feeling; and a bottom layer provided under the first cushion layer and coming into contact with the ground.

The present disclosure relates to food preparation apparatus with an electrical heating device comprising at least two electrical PTC thermistors for heating a food in a food preparation room, wherein the electrical PTC thermistors are electrically connected in parallel. The parallel-connected PTC thermistors are electrically connected to one another by one or more electrical bridges.

Described is a heating plate having a substrate made of metal, a heating layer and an insulation layer which is arranged between the heating layer and the substrate. It is provided according to this disclosure that the insulation layer bears an electrically conductive shielding layer and that the shielding layer is covered by a second insulation layer on which the heating layer lies. In addition, a flow heater having such a heating plate is disclosed.

Provided is a placing table configured to place a workpiece thereon. The placing table includes: an electrostatic chuck configured to attract the workpiece; a support member configured to support a focus ring; and a metal base having a first region configured to support the electrostatic chuck and a second region configured to support the support member, the second region surrounding the first region. The support member includes: an intermediate layer formed of a ceramic sintered compact and supported on the second region via an adhesive; a thermally sprayed ceramic layer formed on the intermediate layer by a thermal spraying method; and a heater electrode provided within the thermally sprayed ceramic layer. The heater electrode is formed by the thermal spraying method.

The invention relates to an electrical heating device (10) for a motor vehicle with a heating resistor designed as a conductor track (12) on a substrate (20), wherein the conductor track is at least partially arranged in a bifilar format. The invention further relates to a motor vehicle having such an electrical heating system.

Provided are a structure, a planar heater including the same, a heating device including the planar heater, and a method of preparing the structure. The structure includes a metal substrate, an insulating layer disposed on the metal substrate, an electrode layer disposed on the insulating layer, and an electrically conductive layer disposed on the electrode layer, wherein a difference in a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the metal substrate and the insulating layer is 4 parts per million per degree Kelvin change in temperature (ppm/K) or less.

A heat treatment device includes: a heating plate that supports and heats a substrate on which a resist film is formed, and the resist film is subjected to an exposure process; a chamber that covers a processing space above the heating plate; a gas ejecting unit that ejects a processing gas from above toward the substrate on the heating plate within the chamber; a gas supply unit that supplies a gas into the chamber from below a surface of the substrate, within the chamber; and an exhaust unit that evacuates inside of the chamber through exhaust holes that are formed above the processing space and open downwards.

Flow heater comprising a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a plate shaped heating insert that is arranged in the housing and defines a flow path from the inlet to the outlet. According to this disclosure the plate shaped heating insert comprises a first heating plate, a second heating plate, and a plate support arranged between the first heating plate and the second heating plate, wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are arranged on opposite sides of the plate support, and the first heating plate and the second heating plate each comprise a substrate plate carrying a resistive layer.

A heat exchanger has a fluid flow passage having an inlet and an outlet, and with a first plate and a second plate in opposed facing relation to one another. The fluid flow passage is defined by a space between the inner surfaces of the first and second plates. An electrical heating element is outside the fluid flow passage and adjacent to the outer surface of the first plate, such that heat produced by the electrical heating element is transferred through the first plate to the fluid in the fluid flow passage during use of the heat exchanger. In an embodiment, the first plate has an opening to receive a heater plate component including a first plate portion having an inner surface bonded to a turbulence-enhancing insert and an outer surface bonded to the electrical heating element.

The present disclosure generally relates to a system for heating a bulk medium includes two or more electrodes spaced apart from one another and coupled to the bulk medium; and a power control system coupled to the electrodes, the power control system configured to heat the bulk medium by shaping a density of the current along a current path between the electrodes, thereby, producing an effective resistance along the current path in the bulk medium that is greater than the resistance of the bulk medium to a DC current, in which the power control system shapes the density of the current within a depth of the bulk medium by tuning a skin-depth of the current, and in which the power control system shapes the density of the current in a direction across the current path by the power control system by tuning a proximity effect of the current.