A support frame of a thin electric heating band contains: a body, multiple first blades, multiple second blades, multiple fixing sheets, and multiple defining elements. The body includes a base and multiple supporting arms. Each first blade includes multiple first spaced recesses, and each second blade includes multiple second spaced recesses, such that the thin electric heating band is engaged in each first spaced recess and each second spaced recess, thus positioning the thin electric heating band. Each fixing sheet is stacked on each first blade and includes multiple spaced notches, and each spaced notch communicates with each first spaced recess laterally. Each first blade includes an air facing fringe and an air shadow fringe, and each defining element is fixed on the air shadow fringe of each first blade.

An electrical heating cable with a first power supply conductor, a second power supply conductor, and a third power supply conductor. Each of the first, second and third power supply conductors extend along a length of the cable. The electrical heating cable also includes an electrically conductive heating element body, wherein the first, second and third power supply conductors are electrically coupled to each other via the electrically conductive heating element body. The second power supply conductor is provided with a layer of electrically insulating material which covers only a part of a surface of the second power supply conductor. The layer is provided between the surface of the second power supply conductor and the electrically conductive heating element body.

A cable cap for a heating cable, and a heating cable assembly including a heating cable and a cable cap, in which the cable cap includes a power indicator that illuminates when sufficient power is supplied to the distal end of the heating cable. The indicator gives an installer or a user an indication that the heating cable is functioning properly the entire length of the heating cable. The cable cap may further include a connection feature, such as an aperture, that provides a connection point for a cable pulling device such as a fish tape.

Embodiments of the invention provide a self-regulating heating cable. The cable includes a primary jacket including a first low-smoke, zero halogen material. The cable also includes a braid surrounding the primary jacket. The cable also includes a final jacket surrounding the braid and comprising a second low-smoke, zero halogen material. The final jacket is formed to the braid during an extrusion process in order to create a mated connection between the final jacket and the braid.

A low smoke, zero halogen self-regulating heating cable includes a semi-conductive heating core and two conductive wires embedded within and separated by the semi-conductive heating core. The cable also includes a primary jacket surrounding the semi-conductive core, a braid surrounding the primary jacket, and a final jacket surrounding the braid. At least one of the primary jacket and the final jacket includes a low smoke, zero halogen material.

A cable cap for a heating cable, and a heating cable assembly including a heating cable and a cable cap, in which the cable cap includes a power indicator that illuminates when sufficient power is supplied to the distal end of the heating cable. The indicator gives an installer or a user an indication that the heating cable is functioning properly the entire length of the heating cable. The cable cap may further include a connection feature, such as an aperture, that provides a connection point for a cable pulling device such as a fish tape.

A pipeline electric heating system for a transport pipeline comprising a pipe and thermal insulation therearound, comprising a power supply transformer, a feed terminal, an end terminal, one or more service terminals positioned between the feed and end terminals, a parameter control and monitoring system, and a heating cable arrangement including three heating resistive cables connected to three phases of a three-phase power electrical supply extending along the pipe from the feed terminal to the end terminal passing through the one or more service terminals. Each said resistive cable is mounted individually within a corresponding cable guide, the cable guides and associated resistive cables mounted therein being mounted on an outer surface of the pipe and below the thermal insulation. Each resistive cable comprises an inner conductor and a shield surrounding the inner conductor, wherein the shields of each resistive cable are connected to ground and are interconnected together at the end terminal and/or at the feed terminal, and wherein the shields or inner conductors are transposed at said at least one service terminal.

An ice protection system and method capable of anti-icing and de-icing aerodynamic structures and surfaces is provided comprising a Resistive Heat Coat (RHC) controller and a heating device. The RHC controller comprises a RHC power circuit topology having a processor and a buck converter. The RHC controller further comprises a RHC control algorithm. The heating device comprises a plurality of resistive heating elements, such as CNT-based resistive heaters. The ice protection systems and methods disclosed can achieve an efficiency of 98% or greater while employing a direct current (DC) power supply and “hard switching” with a switching frequency of at least 500 kHz.

A system and method is disclosed. The method comprises a client device receiving a verification request comprising an interaction identifier. The client device can then query a full node for a random sampling of block headers from the full node. The client device can receive the random sampling of block headers from the full node, and verify the random sampling of block headers. The client device can then determine that the blockchain maintained by the full node is valid after verifying the random sampling of block headers.

An apparatus for receiving smokable material to enable at least one component of the smokable material to be volatilized is described. In an example, the apparatus comprises a housing having a first compartment and a second compartment. The first compartment is a heating compartment for receiving smokable material in use. The second compartment is an electronics compartment and containing at least one of control circuitry and a power source. The first compartment and the second compartment are substantially hermetically sealed from each other to minimize or prevent air or vapor flowing between the compartments.