A wiring board includes a substrate and a plurality of monolithic ceramic capacitors connected in series on the substrate. The plurality of monolithic ceramic capacitors includes a first monolithic ceramic capacitor oriented in a first direction and a second monolithic ceramic capacitor oriented in a second direction. The second direction is at an angle of 45±5 degrees relative to the first direction.

A wiring board includes a pair of hard substrates provided for each of a plurality of semiconductor elements connected in parallel; a soft substrate provided so as to be at least partially sandwiched between all of the pairs of hard substrates; a first electrode configured to connect a control terminal of the semiconductor element and the hard substrate or the soft substrate; a second electrode configured to connect a reference potential terminal of the semiconductor element and the hard substrate or the soft substrate; a first wiring configured to connect in parallel the first electrodes of each of the plurality of semiconductor elements, at least part of the first wiring being provided on the soft substrate; and a second wiring configured to connect in parallel the second electrodes of each of the plurality of semiconductor elements, at least part of the second wiring being provided on the soft substrate.

A method of fabricating an electromagnet includes obtaining a first flexible PCB that includes one or more first conductive coiled traces and obtaining a second flexible PCB that includes one or more second conductive coiled traces. The first flexible PCB is bent into a shape having at least one curve or corner. With the first flexible PCB having been bent into the shape, the second flexible PCB is then bent into the shape: the second flexible PCB is positioned adjacent to the first flexible PCB to conform with the first flexible PCB. The second flexible PCB may substantially surround the first flexible PCB. An electrostatic deflector may be disposed concentrically with the first and second flexible PCBs.

An electronic component sub-mount includes a body having a top surface, a bottom surface, and a supporting surface. The top and bottom surfaces are located on opposite sides of the body. The supporting surface is located on one side of the body, and an angle that is not equal to 0 degrees is formed between the supporting surface and the bottom surface. A first conductive layer is disposed on the bottom surface and includes multiple first conductive lines. A second conductive layer is disposed on the supporting surface, extending to the top surface, and includes multiple second conductive lines. The second conductive lines on the supporting surface have a first pin layout, and the second conductive lines on the top surface have a second pin layout different from the first pin layout. The second pin layout matches the pin layout of first conductive lines on the bottom surface.

A flexible wiring board that includes a flexible substrate; a flexible wiring over the flexible substrate; and a protective layer over the flexible substrate, where the protective layer includes: a first region that overlaps with the flexible wiring and a second region that does not overlap with the flexible wiring as viewed from a thickness direction of the flexible substrate, and a low flexibility part that is higher in flexibility ratio than the first region and is disposed along an extending direction of the flexible wiring in the second region.

A wiring substrate includes an insulating layer, a pad in a via hole piercing through the insulating layer and exposed at a first surface of the insulating layer, a via conductor on the pad in the via hole, and a wiring part on a second surface of the insulating layer facing away from the first surface. The wiring part is connected to the pad through the via conductor in the via hole.

The present disclosure provides a routing structure. The routing structure includes a substrate having a boundary and a first conductive trace configured to be coupled to a first conductive pad disposed within the boundary of the substrate. The first conductive trace is inclined with respect to the boundary of the substrate.

Printed circuit boards may be formed using ceramic substrates with high thermal conductivity to facilitate heat dissipation. Metal nanoparticles, such as copper nanoparticles, may be used to form conductive traces and fill through-plane vias upon the ceramic substrates. Multi-layer printed circuit boards may comprise two or more ceramic substrates adhered together, wherein each ceramic substrate has one or more conductive traces defined thereon and the one or more conductive traces are formed through consolidation of metal nanoparticles. The one or more conductive traces in a first ceramic substrate layer are in electrical communication with at least one second ceramic substrate layer adjacent thereto.

A multi-layer printed circuit board having a first landing pad in a first layer and along a first axis arranged to receive a positive signal and a second landing pad in the first layer and along a second axis that is spaced away from the first axis longitudinally in the first layer and where the second landing pad arranged to receive a negative signal. A first buried in a second layer and along the first axis is spaced away from the first landing pad along the first axis. A second buried in the second layer and along the second axis is spaced away from the second landing pad along the second axis. A first signal connector provides a first electrical connection between the first landing pad and the second buried via and a second signal connector provides a second electrical connection between the second landing pad and the first buried via.

A printed circuit board includes a first board including a plurality of first insulating layers and a plurality of first wiring layers disposed between the plurality of first insulating layers, respectively; and a second board disposed on one surface of the first board and including a plurality of second insulating layers and a plurality of second wiring layers disposed on or between the plurality of second insulating layers, respectively. At least one of the plurality of first insulating layers has a thickness less than a thickness of at least one of the plurality of second insulating layers. The first board further includes a through-via penetrating each of the plurality of first insulating layers and connected to one of the plurality of second wiring layers.