This application provides a solar cell, a method for preparing the solar cell, smart glasses, and an electronic device. The solar cell includes a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, a first conductive lattice, a second conductive layer, and a functional layer. The functional layer is disposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, the functional layer is configured to absorb light and generate a photocurrent, and both the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are configured to receive the photocurrent. The first conductive lattice is in contact with a surface that is of the first conductive layer. The second conductive lattice is in contact with the second conductive layer, and the first conductive lattice and the second conductive lattice are configured to output the photocurrent to the target device. This application can mitigate impact of a sheet resistance on cell efficiency.

A photovoltaic device (10) is provided that comprises serially arranged photovoltaic device cells (10A, 10B). Each cell having a transparent electrode layer region electrical conductors (121A, . . . , 124A) forming an electric contact with the transparent electrode layer region, a photo-voltaic stack portion (14A, 14B) that extends over the transparent electrode region (11A, 11B) and over an insulated portion of the electrical conductors, a further electrode region (15A, 5B) that extends over the photovoltaic stack portion (14A,14B). A further electrode region (15A) of a photovoltaic device cell (10A) extends over electric contacts formed by exposed ends (12B1) of the electrical conductors of a subsequent photovoltaic device cell (10B).

Disclosed are a flexible transparent electrode structure, a method for preparing the same, and an organic optoelectronic device using the same. The flexible transparent electrode structure includes: a flexible substrate; a thin film laminate of a triple-layer structure formed on both sides of the flexible substrate; and a transparent electrode formed on the thin film laminate of a triple-layer structure provided on one side of the flexible substrate, wherein the thin film laminate of a triple-layer structure includes a SiN.sub.x thin film, a SiO.sub.xN.sub.y thin film and a SiO.sub.x thin film formed sequentially on the flexible substrate. The flexible transparent electrode structure has superior light transmittance, water permeation resistance and oxygen permeation resistance, which can improve the electrical properties of an organic optoelectronic device.

Disclosed are a flexible transparent electrode structure, a method for preparing the same, and an organic optoelectronic device using the same. The flexible transparent electrode structure includes: a flexible substrate; a thin film laminate of a triple-layer structure formed on both sides of the flexible substrate; and a transparent electrode formed on the thin film laminate of a triple-layer structure provided on one side of the flexible substrate, wherein the thin film laminate of a triple-layer structure includes a SiN.sub.x thin film, a SiO.sub.xN.sub.y thin film and a SiO.sub.x thin film formed sequentially on the flexible substrate. The flexible transparent electrode structure has superior light transmittance, water permeation resistance and oxygen permeation resistance, which can improve the electrical properties of an organic optoelectronic device.

A method of forming an integrated circuit includes generating a first and second standard cell layout design, and manufacturing the integrated circuit based on at least the first or second standard cell layout design. The first standard cell layout design has a first height. The second standard cell layout design has a second height different from the first height. The second standard cell layout design is adjacent to the first standard cell layout design. Generating the first standard cell layout design includes generating a first set of pin layout patterns extending in a first direction, being on a first layout level, and having a first width. Generating the second standard cell layout design includes generating a second set of pin layout patterns extending in the first direction, being on the first layout level, and having a second width different from the first width.

Disclosed are a transparent electrode for a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same. The transparent electrode for a solar cell has a low Young's modulus, excellent elasticity, self-healing properties, an average visible-light transmittance sufficient to implement bifacial properties, and excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE). In addition, the method of manufacturing the transparent electrode for a solar cell does not require an additional deposition process, so the electrode-manufacturing time can be reduced, and the electrode-manufacturing process can be performed separately from other solar-cell-manufacturing processes, which is advantageous for mass production and large-area application.

A photovoltaic device (1) is provided with plurality of mutually subsequent photovoltaic device cells (1A, . . . , 1F) arranged along a direction of first device axis (D1). Each pair of a photovoltaic device cell and its successor are serially arranged through an interface region (1CD), further having a bypass function, and which extends along a second axis (D2), transverse to the first axis.

Photovoltaic devices, and methods of fabricating photovoltaic devices. The photovoltaic devices may include a first electrode, at least one quantum dot layer, at least one semiconductor layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode may include a layer including Cr and one or more silver contacts.

[Summary] The present invention is to provide a photoelectric conversion element with excellent productivity, initial output performance and durability.

[Tasks] A photoelectric conversion element in which a first substrate, a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, a second electrode, and a second substrate are sequentially laminated, includes an adhesive layer surrounding at least the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein a clearance surrounding an outer edge of the adhesive layer is formed between the outer edge of the adhesive layer and an outer edge of the first substrate in a plan view.

[Summary] The present invention is to provide a photoelectric conversion element with excellent productivity, initial output performance and durability.

[Tasks] A photoelectric conversion element in which a first substrate, a first electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, a second electrode, and a second substrate are sequentially laminated, includes an adhesive layer surrounding at least the photoelectric conversion layer, wherein a clearance surrounding an outer edge of the adhesive layer is formed between the outer edge of the adhesive layer and an outer edge of the first substrate in a plan view.