The present invention relates to a method for laminating solar cell modules comprising a plurality of solar cells electrically connected in series. The method comprises: providing a first and a second flexible substrate portion suitable for roll-to-roll deposition; providing a plurality of first electronic conductors on said first substrate portion and a plurality of second electrodes on said second substrate portion, wherein said plurality of first and second electrodes are provided as stripes spatially separated such that a plurality of gaps is formed; depositing an electronic conductor on one end of the first and second electrodes and depositing a continuous or discontinuous active layer on said plurality of first electrodes or said plurality of second electrodes, wherein said continuous or discontinuous active layer is an organic active layer; laminating by means of heat and pressure said first and said second substrate portions together in a roll-to-roll process such that the electronic conductors are brought into physical contact with the respective electronic conductor arranged on the opposite substrate, and that the active layer is brought into physical contact with the other one of said plurality first electrodes or said plurality of second electrodes and such that the active layer is brought into electrical contact with said plurality of first electrodes and said plurality of second electrodes. The plurality of first electrodes is arranged off-set relative said plurality of second electrodes such that each of said plurality of gaps between said plurality of second electrodes are partly or fully covered at least in one direction by respective one of said plurality of first electrodes. The present invention also relates to a solar cell module.

A method of forming an integrated circuit includes generating a first and second standard cell layout design, and manufacturing the integrated circuit based on at least the first or second standard cell layout design. The first standard cell layout design has a first height. The second standard cell layout design has a second height different from the first height. The second standard cell layout design is adjacent to the first standard cell layout design. Generating the first standard cell layout design includes generating a first set of pin layout patterns extending in a first direction, being on a first layout level, and having a first width. Generating the second standard cell layout design includes generating a second set of pin layout patterns extending in the first direction, being on the first layout level, and having a second width different from the first width.

The present disclosure relates to a device that includes an active layer and a first charge transport layer, where the first charge transport layer includes a first layer and a second layer, the first layer is in contact with the second layer, the second layer is positioned between the first layer and the active layer, the first layer comprises a first carbon nanostructure, and the second layer includes a second carbon nanostructure.

The invention concerns a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module comprising at least two electrically connected photovoltaic cells, each photovoltaic cell (4.sub.i) being multi-layered structure disposed on a substrate (6) having down-web direction (X) and a cross-web direction (Y). The method comprises providing a plurality of spaced-apart first electrode strips (8.sub.i) over the substrate (6), each first electrode strip extending along the cross-web direction (Y), and providing, over the first electrode strips layer, at least one insulating strip (14a, 14b) of an insulator material extending along the down-web direction (X), each insulating strip defining a connecting area and an active area. A functional stack (20) comprising a full web coated layer of photoactive semiconductor material is formed over the first layer and within the active area. A plurality of spaced-apart second electrode strips (28.sub.i) are provided within the active area, each second electrode strip extending along the cross-web direction (Y), so as to form photovoltaic cells and a photovoltaic module is formed by electrically connecting at least two adjacent photovoltaic cells, by extending over the insulating strips (14a, 14b) electrical connection patterns to electrically connect, within the connecting area(s), the second electrode strip of an photovoltaic cell to the first electrode strip of an adjacent photovoltaic cell.

A photoelectric conversion element may include a first substrate, a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate, a hole-blocking layer disposed on the first transparent electrode, an electron-transporting layer that is disposed on the hole-blocking layer and includes an electron-transporting semiconductor on a surface of which a photosensitizing compound is adsorbed, a hole-transporting layer that is connected to the electron-transporting layer and includes a hole-transporting material, and a second electrode disposed on the hole-transporting layer, wherein the photoelectric conversion element includes an output extraction terminal part configured to extract electricity out from the photoelectric conversion element, and the output extraction terminal part is formed with a plurality of micropores piercing through the hole-blocking layer.

A photoelectric conversion device includes a first electrode and a second electrode facing each other, a photoelectric conversion layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and configured to absorb light in at least one part of a wavelength spectrum of light and to convert it into an electric signal, and an inorganic nanolayer between the first electrode and the photoelectric conversion layer and including a lanthanide element, calcium (Ca), potassium (K), aluminum (Al), or an alloy thereof. An organic CMOS image sensor may include the photoelectric conversion device. An electronic device may include the organic CMOS image sensor.

A matrix-array optoelectronic device includes a substrate on which a matrix array of what are called bottom electrodes is deposited; an active structure, which is preferably continuous and organic, arranged above the matrix-array of bottom electrodes, the structure being suitable for detecting light; and at least one what is called top electrode lying above the active structure, the top electrode being transparent to the light emitted or detected by the active structure; and at least one conductive element that is borne by the substrate without interposition of the active structure and that is connected to the top electrode by at least one vertical interconnection, the conductive element having an electrical conductivity greater than that of the top electrode. The device may also comprise a layer made of scintillator material, the layer being fastened to the top electrode, so as to form an x-ray imager.

To provide a photoelectric conversion element, including a first substrate, a first transparent electrode disposed on the first substrate, a hole-blocking layer disposed on the first transparent electrode, an electron-transporting layer that is disposed on the hole-blocking layer and includes an electron-transporting semiconductor on a surface of which a photosensitizing compound is adsorbed, a hole-transporting layer that is connected to the electron-transporting layer and includes a hole-transporting material, and a second electrode disposed on the hole-transporting layer, wherein the photoelectric conversion element includes an output extraction terminal part configured to extract electricity out from the photoelectric conversion element, and the output extraction terminal part is formed with a plurality of micropores piercing through the hole-blocking layer.

An artificial indoor photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The artificial indoor photovoltaic cell includes: a transparent electrode; an electron transport layer formed on the transparent electrode layer; a photoactive layer formed on the electron transport layer and including a donor layer and an acceptor layer that generate an exciton by indoor light and separate the exciton into positive and negative charges; and a charge transport layer formed on the photoactive layer and made of a material homogenous with the donor layer.

An artificial indoor photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The artificial indoor photovoltaic cell includes: a transparent electrode; an electron transport layer formed on the transparent electrode layer; a photoactive layer formed on the electron transport layer and including a donor layer and an acceptor layer that generate an exciton by indoor light and separate the exciton into positive and negative charges; and a charge transport layer formed on the photoactive layer and made of a material homogenous with the donor layer.