An ink jet process is used to deposit a material layer to a desired thickness. Layout data is converted to per-cell grayscale values, each representing ink volume to be locally delivered. The grayscale values are used to generate a halftone pattern to deliver variable ink volume (and thickness) to the substrate. The halftoning provides for a relatively continuous layer (e.g., without unintended gaps or holes) while providing for variable volume and, thus, contributes to variable ink/material buildup to achieve desired thickness. The ink is jetted as liquid or aerosol that suspends material used to form the material layer, for example, an organic material used to form an encapsulation layer for a flat panel device. The deposited layer is then cured or otherwise finished to complete the process.

A display device comprises a transistor layer that includes a display area and a pad area disposed adjacent to the display area, an emission layer disposed in the display area on the transistor layer, a first display insulating layer disposed on the emission layer, and an insulating layer disposed in the pad area on the transistor layer, the insulating layer and the first display insulating layer including a same material, and the insulating layer having a step.

A display panel includes a plurality of display elements arranged in a display area, an opening, a multi-layer including a first layer and a second layer disposed on the first layer, and a groove. Each display element includes a pixel electrode, an emission layer disposed on the pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode disposed on the emission layer. The display area surrounds the opening. The groove is located between the opening and the display area. The groove has an undercut cross-section that is concave in a thickness direction of the multi-layer, the second layer includes a pair of tips that protrude toward a center of the groove, and a length of each tip is less than about 2 μm.

A display apparatus includes a display panel that includes a display element and a thin-film encapsulation layer disposed on the display element, and a polarization film disposed on the display panel and that includes a phase compensation layer, a phase retardation layer, and a polarization layer. A thickness direction phase difference of the display panel is less than or equal to about -35 nm.

A display device includes a substrate including an outer area neighboring a border; and an insulating layer positioned over the substrate and including a plurality of openings positioned over the outer area. The openings are arranged to be spaced from each other in a direction. The display device further includes a wavy line extending in the direction and passing the plurality of openings.

A display panel includes a plurality of display elements arranged in a display area, an opening, a multi-layer including a first layer and a second layer disposed on the first layer, and a groove. Each display element includes a pixel electrode, an emission layer disposed on the pixel electrode, and an opposite electrode disposed on the emission layer. The display area surrounds the opening. The groove is located between the opening and the display area. The groove has an undercut cross-section that is concave in a thickness direction of the multi-layer, the second layer includes a pair of tips that protrude toward a center of the groove, and a length of each tip is less than about 2μm.

An organic light-emitting display panel and fabrication method thereof are provided. The organic light-emitting display panel includes an organic light-emitting element array substrate, a thin film encapsulation layer covering the organic light-emitting element array substrate, and touch-control electrodes. The thin film encapsulation layer includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer. First groove structures are configured in at least one organic layer, and sidewalls of the first groove structures are arc-shaped. The touch-control electrodes are disposed in the first groove structures.

A display device includes a substrate, a circuit element layer on the substrate, a display element layer on the circuit element layer, a sealing film on the display element layer, an oxide film on the sealing film, a barrier metal layer on the oxide film, and a wiring layer on the barrier metal layer, wherein a surface of the sealing film in contact with the oxide film has concave/convexities, and the barrier metal layer is formed by titanium nitride. A height of the concave/convexities of the surface of the sealing film may be less than 30 nm. A thickness of the oxide film may be 5 nm or less.

A display region includes: a first display region including a first thin film encapsulation structure; a second display region including a second thin film encapsulation structure; and a transition display region including a third thin film encapsulation structure. The first thin film encapsulation structure includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer, a first organic encapsulation layer and a second inorganic encapsulation layer. The second thin film encapsulation structure includes the first organic encapsulation layer, the second inorganic encapsulation layer and a second organic encapsulation layer. The third thin film encapsulation structure includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion includes the first inorganic encapsulation layer, the first organic encapsulation layer, the second inorganic encapsulation layer and the second organic encapsulation layer. The second portion includes the first inorganic encapsulation layer, the second inorganic encapsulation layer and the second organic encapsulation layer.

A display apparatus includes a thin-film encapsulation layer covering pixel on a substrate and including a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer having a different length from that of the first inorganic encapsulation layer, a touch electrode located on the thin-film encapsulation layer, a touch contact line spaced apart from the thin-film encapsulation layer and located outside the thin-film encapsulation layer, an insulating layer located on the touch contact line, a touch contact hole formed in the insulating layer and spaced apart from the thin-film encapsulation layer, and a touch connection line extending from the touch electrode toward the touch contact hole and connected to the touch contact line through the touch contact hole.