An electronic device includes a display receiving a user input, at least one piezoelectric element disposed adjacent to the display and vibrating based on a specified control signal, a memory storing information about the user input, and a processor electrically connected to the display, the at least one piezoelectric element, and the memory. The processor applies a control signal corresponding to the user input to the at least one piezoelectric element based on the information about the user input and allows the at least one piezoelectric element vibrating depending on the control signal to output at least one of a specified vibration or a specified sound, in a display adjacent to the at least one piezoelectric element.

An electroactive polymer transducer device includes a housing, a base film, plate or wall within the housing, and at least one stack of layers deposited on the base film, plate or wall with at least one housing wall extending from the base film, wherein the at least one stack of layers includes an alternating sequence of one or more plastic electroactive material layers and electrically conductive layers on top of each other. A method of making an electroactive polymer transducer device is also described.

A transducer comprising a transducer element including a plate with a through-hole and a collar projecting from the plate and defining an interior cavity in communication with the through-hole. A piezoelectric bender includes at least first and second wafer layers stacked together. The bender is coupled to a peripheral end face of the collar. The first and/or second piezoelectric wafer layers bend at a resonant frequency and generate ultrasonic waves that flow through the collar interior cavity and the plate through-hole and create an in-air pressure pattern and acoustic field at a location spaced from the transducer. A plurality of transducers may be made by providing a monolithic transducer element structure including a plurality of the transducer elements formed thereon, coupling either a plurality of benders or a monolithic bender to the plurality of transducer elements, and then cutting the monolithic transducer element structure to define a plurality of individual transducers.

A vibration device includes a bimorph type piezoelectric element having a first main surface and a second main surface facing each other and a vibration member bonded to the second main surface of the piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element has a first active region disposed closer to the first main surface between the first and second main surfaces and a second active region disposed closer to the second main surface than the first active region between the first and second main surfaces. When a force generated in the first active region is F1, a force generated in the second active region is F2, and a force by which the vibration member restrains the second active region is Fr, F2F1Fr is satisfied.

Embodiments of the present disclosure propose an ultrasonic fingerprint identification assembly, an ultrasonic fingerprint identification device, and a display apparatus. In one embodiment, the ultrasonic fingerprint identification assembly includes: a substrate; a receiving electrode on a side of the substrate; a piezoelectric layer on a side of the receiving electrode away from the substrate; a transmitting electrode on a surface of the piezoelectric layer away from the substrate; and a metal electrode, electrically connected to the transmitting electrode. An orthographic projection of the piezoelectric layer on the substrate falls within a combination of orthographic projections of the receiving electrode and the metal electrode on the substrate.

A method for forming a MEMS device is provided. The method includes forming a stack of piezoelectric films and metal films on a base layer, wherein the piezoelectric films and the metal films are arranged in an alternating manner. The method also includes forming a first trench in the stack of the piezoelectric films and the metal films. The method further includes forming at least one void at the side wall of the first trench. In addition, the method includes forming a spacer structure in the at least one void. The method further includes forming a contact in the first trench after the formation of the spacer structure.

A piezoelectric sensor includes: a lower substrate; a plurality of sensing transistors that are disposed on the lower substrate; a lower electrode that is disposed to cover the plurality of sensing transistors; a piezoelectric material layer that is disposed on the lower electrode; and an upper electrode that is disposed on the piezoelectric material layer. The piezoelectric material layer has a first thickness in a plurality of first areas in which the plurality of sensing transistors are disposed and has a second thickness which is greater than the first thickness in a second area in which the plurality of sensing transistors are not disposed. Accordingly, it is possible to further accurately and finely detect various types of biometric information.

A multi-layer microactuator for a hard disk drive suspension includes a piezoelectric (PZT) layer, a constraining layer, a lower electrode layer, a middle electrode layer, and an upper electrode layer. The lower electrode layer is on a bottom surface of the PZT layer and includes a first lower electrode island, a second lower electrode island, and a third lower electrode island. The second lower electrode island includes a finger extending from a main body portion towards a first end of the PZT layer. The middle electrode layer is disposed between a top surface of the PZT layer and a bottom surface of the constraining layer. The middle electrode layer including a first middle electrode island and a second middle electrode island, the second middle electrode island including a finger extending from a main body portion towards the first end of the PZT layer.

A vibrating device includes a piezoelectric element, a wiring board electrically connected with the piezoelectric element, and a diaphragm including a metal. The piezoelectric element and the wiring board are bonded to the diaphragm. The piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric element body, a plurality of internal electrodes, and a plurality of external electrodes. The piezoelectric element body has a first principal plane and a second principal plane opposed to each other. The plurality of internal electrodes is disposed in the piezoelectric element body. The internal electrodes are opposed to each other in a direction in which the first principal plane and the second principal plane are opposed. The plurality of external electrodes is disposed on the first principal plane, and is electrically connected with corresponding internal electrodes, of the plurality of internal electrodes. The wiring board has a resin film and a plurality of conductors.

A vibration device includes a piezoelectric element and an adhesive layer. The piezoelectric element includes a first principal surface and a second principal surface opposing each other. The adhesive layer is disposed on the first principal surface and is in contact with the first principal surface. A tensile strength of the adhesive layer is 10 N/cm or more and 48 N/cm or less.