A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention has a steel sheet surface provided with grooves. An average protrusion height of the surface protrusion extending along a longitudinal direction of the groove is more than 5 μm and not more than 10 μm. When the surface protrusion is viewed in a cross section including the longitudinal direction of the groove and a normal direction of the steel sheet surface, the surface protrusion includes specific portions each having a height of 50% or more with respect to a height of each peak point appearing on a profile line of the surface protrusion. In the longitudinal direction of the groove, the total length of the specific portions is a length of 30% or more with respect to an overall length of the surface protrusion.

A motor comprising a steel sheet used as a core material of the motor, wherein the steel sheet includes a composition including: by mass %, 0.010% or less of C; 2.0% to 7.0% of Si; 2.0% or less of Al; 0.05% to 1.0% of Mn; 0.005% or less of S; 0.005% or less of N; and balance Fe and inevitable impurities; the steel sheet includes a magnetic flux density changing area where a change ΔB in magnetic flux density to a change ΔH=50 A/m in a magnetic field, is equal to or higher than 0.50 T; a thickness of the steel sheet is 0.05 mm to 0.20 mm; and an eddy-current loss of the steel sheet, at 1000 Hz−1.0 T, is equal to or less than 0.55 of a total iron loss.

A motor comprising a steel sheet used as a core material of the motor, wherein the steel sheet includes a composition including: by mass %, 0.010% or less of C; 2.0% to 7.0% of Si; 2.0% or less of Al; 0.05% to 1.0% of Mn; 0.005% or less of S; 0.005% or less of N; and balance Fe and inevitable impurities; the steel sheet includes a magnetic flux density changing area where a change ΔB in magnetic flux density to a change ΔH=50 A/m in a magnetic field, is equal to or higher than 0.50 T; a thickness of the steel sheet is 0.05 mm to 0.20 mm; and an eddy-current loss of the steel sheet, at 1000 Hz−1.0 T, is equal to or less than 0.55 of a total iron loss.

Embodiments of the present invention comprise; annealing steel sheets (e.g., hot rolled steel sheets or thin cast strip steel); cold rolling the sheets in one or more cold rolling steps (e.g., with annealing steps between multiple cold rolling steps); and performing one or more of tension leveling, a rough rolling, or a coating process on the sheets after cold rolling, without an intermediate annealing step between the final cold rolling step and the tension leveling, the rough rolling, or the coating process, or the customer stamping or final customer annealing. In order to achieve the desired properties for the steel sheet, stamping and final annealing is performed by the customer. The new process provides an electrical steel with the similar, same, or better magnetic properties than an electrical steel manufactured using the traditional processing that utilizes an intermediate annealing step after cold rolling and before the stamping and final annealing.

Provided are coated metal, the metal having improved properties due to a novel coating, a coating-forming treatment solution for forming the novel coating, and a method for producing the coated metal that has the novel coating. The coated metal includes metal and a coating formed on the metal. The coating includes Si, P, and O, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Al, and Mn. The coating includes a compound having a NASICON-type crystal structure represented by the general formula M.sup.IM.sup.IV.sub.2(M.sup.VO.sub.4).sub.3.

A magnetic sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first soft magnetic layer including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; a first resin layer disposed on the first surface of the first soft magnetic layer and having a first viscosity; a second soft magnetic layer disposed on the first resin layer; and a second resin layer disposed between the first soft magnetic layer and the first resin layer and having a second viscosity different from the first viscosity, wherein the second resin layer comprises a plurality of magnetic particles, the first soft magnetic layer includes a plurality of crack areas propagated from the first surface toward the second surface, and a part of the second resin layer is disposed in the plurality of crack areas.

Flaky magnetic metal particles of embodiments each have a flat surface and a magnetic metal phase containing iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and silicon (Si). An amount of Co is from 0.001 at % to 80 at % with respect to the total amount of Fe and Co. An amount of Si is from 0.001 at % to 30 at % with respect to the total amount of the magnetic metal phase. The flaky magnetic metal particles have an average thickness of from 10 nm to 100 μm. An average value of the ratio of the average length in the flat surface with respect to a thickness in each of the flaky magnetic metal particles is from 5 to 10,000. The flaky magnetic metal particles have the difference in coercivity on the basis of direction within the flat surface.

Grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in magnetic properties and adhesion of a primary coating to a base steel sheet and with few defects where the base metal is exposed in point defects and a method for manufacturing grain-oriented electrical steel sheet are provided. This is characterized by being provided with a base steel sheet and a primary coating. The primary coating satisfies (1) Number density D3 of Al concentrated regions: 0.015 to 0.150/μm.sup.2 (2) (Area S5 of regions comprised of anchoring oxide layer regions and Al concentrated regions)/(area S3 of Al concentrated regions)≥0.30, (3) Distance H5 of mean value of heights in thickness direction of regions of comprised of anchoring oxide layer regions and Al concentrated regions minus HO: 0.4 to 4.0 μm, (4) (Perimeter L5 of regions comprised of anchoring oxide layer regions and Al concentrated regions)/(observed area S0): 0.020 to 0.500 μm/μ.sup.2, and (5) (Area S1 of anchoring oxide layer regions)/(observed area S0)≥0.15.

A soft magnetic powder of the invention has a composition represented by Fe.sub.100-a-b-c-d-e-fCu.sub.aSi.sub.bB.sub.cM.sub.dM′.sub.eX.sub.f (at %) [wherein M is Nb, W, Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti, or Mo, M′ is V, Cr, Mn, Al, a platinum group element, Sc, Y, Au, Zn, Sn, or Re, X is C, P, Ge, Ga, Sb, In, Be, or As, and a, b, c, d, e, and f are numbers that satisfy the following formulae: 0.1≤a≤3, 0<b≤30, 0<c≤25, 5≤b+c≤30, 0.1≤d≤30, 0≤e≤10, and 0≤f≤10], wherein a crystalline structure having a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less is contained in an amount of 40 vol % or more, and the difference in the coercive force of the powder after classification satisfies predetermined conditions.

A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet has a steel sheet and an insulating coating which is formed on a surface of the steel sheet. In the insulating coating, a metal phosphate and a colloidal silica are contained, the colloidal silica is contained in an amount of 20 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal phosphate, one or more kinds of fine particles selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, sialon, and cordierite are further contained in an amount of 0.5 to 7 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal phosphate, an average particle size of the fine particles is 0.3 to 7.0 μm, crystallized ratio of the metal phosphate is 2% to 40%, and chromium is not contained.