An assembly consisting of a control member which comprises a carrier, an operating part movably supported on the carrier, an electromagnetic actuator comprising an armature and a coil for driving the operating part movingly relative to the carrier is provided. The assembly further comprises an electronic control system connected in an electrically conductive manner with the electromagnetic actuator for applying a control voltage to the electromagnetic actuator for a predetermined control period in a control step in order to generate a haptic feedback; a measuring circuit connected in an electrically conductive manner to the electromagnetic actuator for measuring a current present at the electromagnetic actor and for generating a measuring signal proportional thereto; and an evaluation unit connected in an electrically conductive manner at least to the measuring circuit and designed, in a measuring step offset in time relative to the control step, to apply a measuring voltage to the electromagnetic actuator by the electronic control system for a predetermined test period shorter than the control period, in order to measure by the measuring circuit the current which arises at the electromagnetic actuator as the test period elapses due to the application of the measuring voltage and to generate a measuring signal proportional thereto, and in order to obtain a characteristic value of the actuator based on the measuring signal.

Operation coil drive device of electromagnetic contactor includes current detector and drive controller. The detector, when switching control is performed on operation coils of the contactor, detects coil current flowing through the coils. The controller controls an on/off time ratio of a semiconductor switching element wherein the on/off time ratio during close circuit control becomes larger than the on/off time ratio during holding control. Power supply voltage is switchingly applied to the coils at the on/off time ratio. The controller includes a determination locus setter and a close circuit state determiner. The setter sets a determination locus that continuously increases along a change locus of detected coil current during close circuit control. The determiner determines a contact point close circuit state by contact of a movable contact to a fixed contact based on deviation between the determination locus by the setter and the detected coil current detected.

A solenoid assembly includes a solenoid actuator having a core. A coil is configured to be wound at least partially around the core such that a magnetic flux () is generated when an electric current flows through the coil. An armature is configured to be movable based on the magnetic flux (). A controller has a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which is recorded instructions for controlling the solenoid assembly. The controller is configured to obtain a plurality of model matrices, a coil current (i.sub.1) and an eddy current (i.sub.2). The magnetic flux () is obtained based at least partially on a third model matrix (C.sub.0), the coil current (i.sub.1) and the eddy current (i.sub.2). Operation of the solenoid actuator is controlled based at least partially on the magnetic flux (). In one example, the solenoid actuator is an injector.

A method for controlling a current flowing through a consumer comprises the following steps, which are periodically traversed: determining a dither current based on a dither signal and a definite point in time, wherein the dither signal is determined by a frequency, an amplitude and a signal form and actuating a flow control valve to produce the sum of a target current and the determined dither current by the consumer. Furthermore, the method comprises determining an indication to the current flowing through the consumer; compensating the indication by the factor of the dither current; and providing the indication, wherein the determination of the dither current and the determination of the indication are synchronized with each other in a predetermined way.

The invention relates to a method for producing a valve (1) that can be electromagnetically actuated which method comprises an electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b), an armature (3) that can be moved by the electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b), and a valve body (5), having means (4, 4a, 4b, 4c) for converting a movement of the armature (3) into an opening or closing of the valve (1), wherein the electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b) and the armature (3) are inserted into the valve body (5), wherein, before the electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b) is inserted into the valve body (5), a magnetic hysteresis curve (10) of a combination (6) of the electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b) having a test armature (3a) lying against said electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b) is recorded, the slope m.sub.1 of a first, substantially linear curve segment (11) of the hysteresis curve (10) is determined in the unsaturated state, and, from the slope m.sub.1, the slope m.sub.1* of a curve segment (31) of a hysteresis curve (30) of the finally assembled valve (1) having the armature (3) lying continuously against the electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b) is determined, said curve segment corresponding to the first curve segment (11). The invention further relates to a method for determining the armature stroke AH, wherein the magnetic energy E in the air gap (9) formed between the armature (3) and the electromagnet (2, 2a, 2b) is evaluated from the difference between the first slope m.sub.0 and the second slope m.sub.1*.

Disclosed herein are a vehicle, an electronic control unit (ECU), and a method of controlling an ECU, which are capable of deriving a temperature of a coil part using resistance of the coil part provided at the ECU and controlling the temperature of the coil part when the temperature of the coil part exceeds a predetermined temperature. The ECU includes a coil part to which a constant voltage is supplied, a sensor configured to measure a coil current flowing into the coil part and a coil voltage supplied to the coil part, a switching part configured to receive a switching signal and supply the coil current on the basis of the switching signal, and a controller configured to input the switching signal to the switching part and calculate a temperature of the coil part using the switching signal, the coil voltage, and the coil current.

In an example, a system for applying an agricultural product includes a valve and a solenoid. For instance, the valve includes a coil that generates a magnetic flux. The system includes a valve controller. The valve controller is configured to measure one or more electrical characteristics of at least one of the coil or a dissipation element. In some examples, the valve controller determines an actual duty cycle of a valve operator of the valve using the measured electrical characteristics. The valve controller determines a magnetic flux correction, for instance based on a difference between the actual duty cycle and a specified duty cycle. The valve controller operates the valve operator according to the specified magnetic flux and the magnetic flux correction to guide the actual duty cycle toward the specified duty cycle.

A magnetic core and an electric coil, wherein the magnetic core is configured to move by supplying current to the electric coil to allow electrical energy to be transformed into mechanical energy and an electromagnetic actuator operates a valve body to move, and a controller configured to measure a current flowing through the electric coil, select a temporal evaluation section of a course of the current, wherein the current changes from a current value at a beginning of the temporal section to a current value at an end of the section, wherein the evaluation section lasts for a duration period, form an evaluation product from at least the current value at the beginning of the section, the current value at the end of the section, and the duration period of the section, and detect an error function of the actuator by comparing the evaluation product with an evaluation product limit.

Operation coil drive device of electromagnetic contactor includes current detector and drive controller. The detector, when switching control is performed on operation coils of the contactor, detects coil current flowing through the coils. The controller controls an on/off time ratio of a semiconductor switching element wherein the on/off time ratio during close circuit control becomes larger than the on/off time ratio during holding control. Power supply voltage is switchingly applied to the coils at the on/off time ratio. The controller includes a determination locus setter and a close circuit state determiner. The setter sets a determination locus that continuously increases along a change locus of detected coil current during close circuit control. The determiner determines a contact point close circuit state by contact of a movable contact to a fixed contact based on deviation between the determination locus by the setter and the detected coil current detected.

A solenoid valve diagnostic apparatus includes a plurality of solenoid valves that open or close an entrance/exit opening of a fuel tank, a current sensor that measures an operating current of the solenoid valves, and a controller that diagnoses whether the solenoid valves fail, based on the operating current measured by the current sensor.