The present disclosure relates to an integrated chip. The integrated chip includes a substrate. A first conductive feature is over the substrate. A second conductive feature is over the substrate and is adjacent to the first conductive feature. The first and second conductive features are separated by a cavity. A dielectric liner extends from the first conductive feature to the second conductive feature along a bottom of the cavity and further extends along opposing sidewalls of the first and second conductive features. A dielectric cap covers and seals the cavity. The dielectric cap has a top surface that is approximately planar with top surfaces of the first and second conductive features. The first conductive feature and the second conductive feature comprise graphene intercalated with one or more metals.

Methods for inducing reversible or permanent conductivity in wide band gap metal oxides such as Ga.sub.2O.sub.3, using light without doping, as well as related compositions and devices, are described.

The present disclosure relates to a method to form an integrated chip including a filament via. In some embodiments, a lower metal layer comprising a first metal line and a second metal line is formed over a substrate. A filament dielectric layer is formed over the lower metal layer. An upper metal layer comprising a first metal line and a second metal line is formed over the filament dielectric layer. A first contact is formed over the upper metal layer. A filament formation bias is applied through the first contact to form a first filament via through the filament dielectric layer and electrically connecting the first metal line of the lower metal layer and the first metal line of the upper metal layer.

Exemplary methods of plating are described. The methods may include contacting a patterned substrate with a plating bath in a plating chamber. The patterned substrate includes at least one metal interconnect with a contact surface that is exposed to the plating bath. The metal interconnect is made of a first metal characterized by a first reduction potential. The methods further include plating a diffusion layer on the contact surface of the metal interconnect. The diffusion layer is made of a second metal characterized by a second reduction potential that is larger than the first reduction potential of the first metal in the metal interconnects. The plating bath also includes one or more ions of the second metal and a grain refining compound that reduces the formation of pinhole defects in the diffusion layer.

An integrated circuit device includes a metal film and a complex capping layer covering a top surface of the metal film. The metal film includes a first metal, and penetrates at least a portion of an insulating film formed over a substrate. The complex capping layer includes a conductive alloy capping layer covering the top surface of the metal film, and an insulating capping layer covering a top surface of the conductive alloy capping layer and a top surface of the insulating film. The conductive alloy capping layer includes a semiconductor element and a second metal different from the first metal. The insulating capping layer includes a third metal.

A semiconductor device including a substrate; a fin active region on the substrate and extending in a first direction; a gate structure extending across the fin active region and extending in a second direction; a source/drain region in the fin active region on a side of the gate structure; an insulating structure covering the gate structure and the source/drain region; and contact structures penetrating through the insulating structure and respectively connected to the source/drain region and the gate structure, wherein one of the contact structures includes a seed layer on the gate structure or the source/drain regions and including lower and upper regions, the lower region having a first grain size and the upper region being amorphous or having a grain size different from the first grain size, and a contact plug on an upper region of the seed layer and having a second grain size.

Embodiments of the present application relate to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor structure, includes: forming a contact metal layer on a silicon substrate; performing a plasma treatment process, and forming an oxygen isolation layer on a surface of the contact metal layer; and performing a silicidation reaction process, and converting the contact metal layer into a metal silicide layer.

In certain aspects, a three-dimensional (3D) memory device includes a first semiconductor structure and a second semiconductor structure bonded with the first semiconductor structure. The first semiconductor structure includes an array of NAND memory strings, a semiconductor layer in contact with source ends of the array of NAND memory strings, a non-conductive layer aligned with the semiconductor layer, and a contact structure in the non-conductive layer. The non-conductive layer electrically insulates the contact structure from the semiconductor layer. The second semiconductor structure includes a transistor.

A method for making a middle-of-line interconnect structure in a semiconductor device includes forming, near a surface of a first interconnect structure comprised of a first metal, a region of varied composition including the first metal and a second element. The method further includes forming a recess within the region of varied composition. The recess laterally extends a first distance along the surface and vertically extends a second distance below the first surface. The method further includes filling the recess with a second metal to form a second interconnect structure that contacts the first interconnect structure.

There is provided a technique that includes: loading a substrate having a metal film composed of a single metal element formed on a surface of the substrate into a process chamber; generating reactive species by plasma-exciting a processing gas containing hydrogen and oxygen; and modifying the metal film by supplying the reactive species to the substrate, wherein in the act of modifying the metal film, the metal film is modified such that a crystal grain size of the metal element constituting the metal film is larger than that before performing the act of modifying the metal film.